Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of walnut oil-derived PUFA on glucose metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus. The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis. The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde content, an increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and gutathione peroxidase activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, fatty acid synthase, and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats. These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in pregnant rats.

中文翻译：

---

核桃（Juglans regia L.）油衍生的多不饱和脂肪酸的有益作用可预防糖尿病妊娠大鼠的促氧化状态和高脂血症


妊娠糖尿病对孕妇有长期影响。核桃 (Juglans regia L.) 油衍生的多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 具有多种药理活性。本研究调查了核桃油衍生的 PUFA 对妊娠期糖尿病患者的葡萄糖代谢、妊娠结局、氧化应激和脂质代谢的有益影响。妊娠第6天、第7天和第8天腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(40mg/kg)建立GDM大鼠模型。使用单向方差分析估计组间差异，然后使用 Tukey 多重比较检验进行事后分析。结果表明，PUFA可以减轻妊娠糖尿病大鼠的GDM，具体表现为空腹血糖降低、血浆胰岛素和肝糖原水平升高。此外，PUFA 可以抑制妊娠糖尿病大鼠的氧化应激，表现为丙二醛含量降低，超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性增加。 PUFA还可以减轻血浆和肝组织中脂质谱的异常变化。此外，妊娠糖尿病大鼠中甾醇调节元件结合转录因子-1、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶-1、脂肪酸合酶和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的相对mRNA表达被PUFA抑制。这些结果表明，妊娠期间补充PUFA有利于预防妊娠大鼠的糖尿病并发症。