The volcanic island of Jan Mayen, remotely located in the Norwegian‐Greenland Sea, was covered by a contiguous ice cap during the Late Weichselian. Until now, it has been disputed whether parts of the island south of the presently glaciated Mount Beerenberg area were ever glaciated. Based on extensive field mapping we demonstrate that an ice cap covered all land areas and likely also extended onto the shallow shelf areas southeast and east of the island. Chronological interpretations are based on K‐Ar and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of volcanic rocks, cosmogenic nuclide (³⁶Cl) surface exposure dating of bedrock and glacial erratics, and radiocarbon dating. We argue that ice growth started after 34 ka and that an initial deglaciation started some 21.5–19.5 ka in the southern and middle parts of the island. In the northern parts, closer to the present glaciers, the deglaciation might have started later, as evidenced by the establishment of vegetation 17–16 cal. ka BP. During full glaciation, the ice cap was likely thickest over the southern part of the island. This may explain a seemingly delayed deglaciation compared with the northern parts despite earlier initial deglaciation. In a broader context, the new knowledge of the Late Weichselian of the island contributes to the understanding of glaciations surrounding the North Atlantic and its climate history.

中文翻译：

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北极火山岛的最后一次冰川融化

扬·马延（Jan Mayen）火山岛位于挪威格陵兰海的偏远地区，在魏希瑟尔晚期已被连续冰盖覆盖。到现在为止，一直争论的是，目前冰河覆盖的比尔伯格山地区以南的岛上部分地区是否曾被冰化过。基于广泛的野外测绘，我们证明了一个冰盖覆盖了所有陆地区域，并且还可能延伸到了该岛东南和东部的浅陆架地区。年代学解释基于火山岩，宇宙成因核素的K‐Ar和⁴⁰ Ar / ³⁹ Ar测年（³⁶Cl）基岩和冰川不稳定的表面暴露测年，以及放射性碳测年。我们认为，冰的生长在34 ka之后开始，并且最初的冰消作用在岛的南部和中部开始了大约21.5–19.5 ka。在北部，距现在的冰川较近，可能会在以后开始进行冰消作用，这可以通过建立17-16 cal的植被来证明。ka BP。在全冰期，冰帽可能是该岛南部最厚的部分。尽管初期冰消较早，但这可能解释了与北部相比似乎延迟的冰消。在更广阔的背景下，对岛上的维希瑟尔晚期的新知识有助于了解北大西洋周围的冰川及其气候历史。