Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly used in aquaculture studies to quantitatively assess materials, energy flows and impacts of a production system and to evaluate the environmental performance of products and services. The application of LCA to sea bass production in two marine farms located in Greece and Albania demonstrated that feed and accordingly feed conversion ratio, followed by fry were the two predominant factors mostly affecting the eighteen ecological impact categories assessed. In particular, for the Greek farm, feed affected all but one of the impact categories from 76.5 to 99.9%, reflecting the relation of fish feed not only to resource use, but also to impacts during processing, transportation and to its distribution to the farmed stocks. The role of feed was also reflected on its share (90.6%) in the ‘global warming’ indicator. Fry production resulted in a major contribution (99.0%) to the ‘water consumption’ impact category, which is related to the hatchery operation. Concerning the Albanian farm, the impact of fish feed was even more pronounced in most of the ecological indicators, due to the absence of motorised equipment. It is concluded that feeding management and initiatives to improve the cost and the environmental impact in both counties could result in immediate improvements of the ecological and economical outcomes of the mariculture industry in the region. Further benefits are also expected for the ecological sustainability and economic viability of the sector, as consumers are exhibiting interest in environmental awareness and eco-labelling. Aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector of the economy in Europe and Globally. Greece and Albania are two neighbouring countries which can compete for marine resources required for marine aquaculture development. As a result of an international research collaboration on a project funded by the European Union, we carried out research about the environmental impact of marine aquaculture in Albania and Greece. The results of this work are presented in the submitted manuscript which is the first, which presents the results of LCA for assessing the environmental impacts of sea bass cage farms in Greece and Albania. The paper’s primary contribution is to address the issue of environmental impact of the aquaculture sector in the cross-border line of Albania and Greece. International collaboration is required to reduce the emissions caused by sea bass aquaculture and elucidate the parameters which can contribute to reduce the environmental impacts and footprint of aquaculture. Aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector of the economy in Europe and Globally. Greece and Albania are two neighbouring countries which can compete for marine resources required for marine aquaculture development. As a result of an international research collaboration on a project funded by the European Union, we carried out research about the environmental impact of marine aquaculture in Albania and Greece. The results of this work are presented in the submitted manuscript which is the first, which presents the results of LCA for assessing the environmental impacts of sea bass cage farms in Greece and Albania. The paper’s primary contribution is to address the issue of environmental impact of the aquaculture sector in the cross-border line of Albania and Greece. International collaboration is required to reduce the emissions caused by sea bass aquaculture and elucidate the parameters which can contribute to reduce the environmental impacts and footprint of aquaculture.

中文翻译：

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使用生命周期评估评估希腊和阿尔巴尼亚鲈鱼网箱养殖场的环境影响

生命周期评估 (LCA) 越来越多地用于水产养殖研究，以定量评估生产系统的材料、能量流和影响，并评估产品和服务的环境绩效。LCA 在位于希腊和阿尔巴尼亚的两个海水养殖场的鲈鱼生产中的应用表明，饲料和相应的饲料转化率，其次是鱼苗是主要影响评估的 18 种生态影响类别的两个主要因素。特别是，对于希腊农场，饲料影响了所有影响类别，但影响类别从 76.5% 到 99.9%，反映了鱼饲料不仅与资源使用的关系，而且还与加工、运输和分配给养殖场的影响有关。股票。饲料的作用也反映在其份额上（90. 6%）在“全球变暖”指标中。鱼苗生产对“耗水量”影响类别产生了主要贡献 (99.0%)，这与孵化场运营有关。关于阿尔巴尼亚农场，由于缺乏机动设备，鱼饲料的影响在大多数生态指标中更为明显。结论是，饲养管理和改善两个县的成本和环境影响的举措可以立即改善该地区海水养殖业的生态和经济成果。由于消费者对环境意识和生态标签表现出兴趣，因此该行业的生态可持续性和经济可行性也有望获得更多收益。在欧洲和全球，水产养殖是一个快速增长的经济部门。希腊和阿尔巴尼亚是两个邻国，可以争夺发展海水养殖所需的海洋资源。作为欧盟资助项目的国际研究合作的结果，我们对阿尔巴尼亚和希腊的海水养殖对环境的影响进行了研究。这项工作的结果在提交的手稿中呈现，这是第一篇，其中介绍了 LCA 的结果，用于评估希腊和阿尔巴尼亚鲈鱼网箱养殖场的环境影响。该论文的主要贡献是解决阿尔巴尼亚和希腊跨境线中水产养殖部门的环境影响问题。需要国际合作来减少鲈鱼养殖造成的排放，并阐明有助于减少水产养殖对环境的影响和足迹的参数。在欧洲和全球，水产养殖是一个快速增长的经济部门。希腊和阿尔巴尼亚是两个邻国，可以争夺发展海水养殖所需的海洋资源。作为欧盟资助项目的国际研究合作的结果，我们对阿尔巴尼亚和希腊的海水养殖对环境的影响进行了研究。这项工作的结果在提交的手稿中呈现，这是第一篇，其中介绍了 LCA 的结果，用于评估希腊和阿尔巴尼亚鲈鱼网箱养殖场的环境影响。该论文的主要贡献是解决阿尔巴尼亚和希腊跨境线中水产养殖部门的环境影响问题。需要国际合作来减少鲈鱼养殖造成的排放，并阐明有助于减少水产养殖对环境的影响和足迹的参数。