The effects of plant growth-promoting (PGP) compost, conventional fertilizer (NPK), and their combination on fresh and dry herb yield, nutrient uptake, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids (TF), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) of Orthosiphon stamineus and Cosmos caudatus were determined. The highest values for each measured variable of O. stamineus and C. caudatus were obtained when both herbs were cultivated in soils supplemented with PGP compost and NPK at halved rates. Considering the effect of treatments on herb nutrient composition, a marginal but significant rise was detected in macro- and micronutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn) in both herbs grown in soils supplemented with PGP compost and NPK. TPC ranged from 121–172.6 mg GAE g−1 DW, TF from 95.4–125.4 catechin CE g−1 DW, FRAP from 42.2–58.3 mmol Fe2+equivalent g−1 DW, and DPPH from 185.1–279.4 μmol Trolox equivalent g−1 DW in O. stamineus. TPC, TF, DPPH, and FRAP activities in C. caudatus were 176.1 mg GAE g−1FW, 152.49 catechin CE g−1 FW, 174.86 μmol Trolox equivalent g−1 FW, and 154.68 mmol Fe2+ equivalent g−1 FW, respectively. It is suggested that the usage of PGP compost in combination with NPK at halved rates can reduce the indiscriminate use of mineral fertilizers in greenhouse soil and that a combination treatment had better effects in terms of yields and phytochemical composition in both of the herbs compared with conventional mineral fertilization and unfortified or fortified compost alone.

中文翻译：

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植物促生长堆肥和氮磷钾肥对正虹吸管和大波斯菊营养吸收、酚类含量和抗氧化特性的综合影响

植物生长促进 (PGP) 堆肥、常规肥料 (NPK) 及其组合对新鲜和干燥草本植物产量、养分吸收、总酚含量 (TPC)、总黄酮 (TF) 和抗氧化活性 (DPPH 和测定了 Orthosiphon stamineus 和 Cosmos caudatus 的 FRAP)。当两种草本植物在添加了 PGP 堆肥和 NPK 的土壤中以减半的速率种植时，获得了 O. stamineus 和 C. caudatus 每个测量变量的最高值。考虑到处理对草本植物营养成分的影响，在添加了 PGP 的土壤中生长的两种草本植物的常量和微量营养素含量（N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn 和 Mn）均出现了微量但显着的上升堆肥和 NPK。TPC 范围为 121–172.6 mg GAE g−1 DW，TF 范围为 95.4–125.4 儿茶素 CE g−1 DW，FRAP 范围为 42.2–58。3 mmol Fe2+ 等效 g−1 DW，DPPH 为 185.1–279.4 μmol Trolox 等效 g−1 DW。C. caudatus 中的 TPC、TF、DPPH 和 FRAP 活性分别为 176.1 mg GAE g-1FW、152.49 儿茶素 CE g-1 FW、174.86 μmol Trolox 等效 g-1 FW 和 154.68 mmol Fe2+ 等效 g-1 FW。表明 PGP 堆肥与 NPK 以减半的比例使用可以减少温室土壤中矿物肥料的滥用，并且与常规处理相比，组合处理在两种草药的产量和植物化学成分方面具有更好的效果。矿物施肥和单独的未强化或强化的堆肥。分别为 49 儿茶素 CE g−1 FW、174.86 μmol Trolox 等效 g−1 FW 和 154.68 mmol Fe2+ 等效 g−1 FW。表明 PGP 堆肥与 NPK 以减半的比例使用可以减少温室土壤中矿物肥料的滥用，并且与常规处理相比，组合处理在两种草药的产量和植物化学成分方面具有更好的效果。矿物施肥和单独的未强化或强化的堆肥。分别为 49 儿茶素 CE g−1 FW、174.86 μmol Trolox 等效 g−1 FW 和 154.68 mmol Fe2+ 等效 g−1 FW。表明 PGP 堆肥与 NPK 以减半的比例使用可以减少温室土壤中矿物肥料的滥用，并且与常规处理相比，组合处理在两种草药的产量和植物化学成分方面具有更好的效果。矿物施肥和单独的未强化或强化的堆肥。