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Experimental Study of Self-heating Ignition of Lithium-Ion Batteries During Storage: Effect of the Number of Cells
Fire Technology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s10694-020-01011-y
Xuanze He , Francesco Restuccia , Yue Zhang , Zhenwen Hu , Xinyan Huang , Jun Fang , Guillermo Rein

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as energy storage devices. However, a disadvantage of these batteries is their tendency to ignite and burn, thereby creating a fire hazard. Ignition of LIBs can be triggered by abuse conditions (mechanical, electrical or thermal abuse) or internal short circuit. In addition, ignition could also be triggered by self-heating when LIBs are stacked during storage or transport. However, the open circuit self-heating ignition has received little attention and seems to be misunderstood in the literature. This paper quantifies the self-heating behaviour of LIB by means of isothermal oven experiments. Stacks of 1, 2, 3 and 4 Sanyo prismatic LiCoO2 cells at 30% state of charge were studied. The surface and central temperatures, voltage, and time to ignition were measured. Results show that self-heating ignition of open circuit LIBs is possible and its behaviour has three stages: heating up, self-heating and thermal runaway. We find for the first time that, for this battery type, as the number of cells increases from 1 to 4, the critical ambient temperature decreases from 165.5°C to 153°C. A Frank-Kamenetskii analysis using the measured data confirms that ignition is caused by self-heating. Parameters extracted from Frank-Kamenetskii theory are then used to upscale the laboratory results, which shows large enough LIB ensembles could self-ignite at even ambient temperatures. This is the first experimental study of the effect of the number of cells on self-heating ignition of LIBs, contributing to the understanding of this new fire hazard.

中文翻译:

锂离子电池在储存过程中自热点火的实验研究:电池数量的影响

锂离子电池 (LIB) 被广泛用作能量存储设备。然而,这些电池的缺点是它们易于点燃和燃烧,从而产生火灾危险。LIB 的点火可由滥用条件(机械、电气或热滥用)或内部短路触发。此外,当锂离子电池在储存或运输过程中堆叠时,自热也可能触发点火。然而,开路自热点火很少受到关注,在文献中似乎被误解了。本文通过等温烘箱实验量化了 LIB 的自热行为。研究了 1、2、3 和 4 个三洋棱柱形 LiCoO2 电池在 30% 充电状态下的堆叠。测量了表面和中心温度、电压和点火时间。结果表明,开路LIBs自热点火是可能的,其行为分为三个阶段:加热、自热和热失控。我们首次发现,对于这种电池类型,随着电芯数量从 1 个增加到 4 个,临界环境温度从 165.5°C 下降到 153°C。使用测量数据进行的 Frank-Kamenetskii 分析证实,着火是由自热引起的。然后使用从 Frank-Kamenetskii 理论中提取的参数来放大实验室结果,这表明足够大的 LIB 系综甚至可以在环境温度下自燃。这是第一个关于电池数量对 LIB 自热点火影响的实验研究,有助于了解这种新的火灾危险。自热和热失控。我们首次发现,对于这种电池类型,随着电芯数量从 1 个增加到 4 个,临界环境温度从 165.5°C 下降到 153°C。使用测量数据进行的 Frank-Kamenetskii 分析证实,着火是由自热引起的。然后使用从 Frank-Kamenetskii 理论中提取的参数来放大实验室结果,这表明足够大的 LIB 系综甚至可以在环境温度下自燃。这是第一个关于电池数量对 LIB 自热点火影响的实验研究,有助于了解这种新的火灾危险。自热和热失控。我们首次发现,对于这种电池类型,随着电芯数量从 1 个增加到 4 个,临界环境温度从 165.5°C 下降到 153°C。使用测量数据进行的 Frank-Kamenetskii 分析证实,着火是由自热引起的。然后使用从 Frank-Kamenetskii 理论中提取的参数来放大实验室结果,这表明足够大的 LIB 系综甚至可以在环境温度下自燃。这是第一个关于电池数量对 LIB 自热点火影响的实验研究,有助于了解这种新的火灾危险。使用测量数据进行的 Frank-Kamenetskii 分析证实,着火是由自热引起的。然后使用从 Frank-Kamenetskii 理论中提取的参数来放大实验室结果,这表明足够大的 LIB 系综甚至可以在环境温度下自燃。这是第一个关于电池数量对 LIB 自热点火影响的实验研究,有助于了解这种新的火灾危险。使用测量数据进行的 Frank-Kamenetskii 分析证实,着火是由自热引起的。然后使用从 Frank-Kamenetskii 理论中提取的参数来放大实验室结果,这表明足够大的 LIB 系综甚至可以在环境温度下自燃。这是第一个关于电池数量对 LIB 自热点火影响的实验研究,有助于了解这种新的火灾危险。
更新日期:2020-08-03
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