Understanding the fate of oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) is important due to their roles in forming ozone (O₃) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5). This study examines the importance of surface-enhanced renoxification as a NO_x source at rural and urban sites in New York (NY) during selected spring/summer and winter case study periods in 2016–2018. The rural site was Pinnacle State Park (PSP) in Addison, NY, and the urban site was Queens College (QC) in New York City. Observation-based renoxification rates (RRs) were estimated at both sites, and the contributions from these RRs were compared to the ambient [NO_x]. Renoxification due to surface nitrate (= nitric acid (HNO₃) + particle nitrate (pNO₃)) photolysis at PSP was likely a minor NO_x source during summer and a non-negligible NO_x source during winter. However, during photochemically active case study days at PSP, modeling analyses found that renoxification only had a noticeable effect on O₃ production at low O₃ production rates, suggesting that renoxification has little influence on high [O₃] and O₃ exceedance events. At QC, renoxification was a negligible contributor to the ambient [NO_x] during spring, summer, and winter, confirming that [NO_x] in New York City is almost entirely controlled by anthropogenic NO_x emissions.

中文翻译：

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在纽约州农村和城市，表面增强的氧化还原作为氮源氧化物的重要性

由于氮氧化物（NO _x）在形成臭氧（O ₃）和细颗粒物（PM _2.5）中的作用，因此了解其命运至关重要。本研究探讨作为NO表面增强renoxification的重要性_X在期间在2016-2018选择春/夏季和冬季的案例研究期间在纽约（纽约州）农村和城市的网站源。农村地区是纽约州艾迪生的品尼高州立公园（PSP），城市地区是纽约市的皇后学院（QC）。估计了两个站点的基于观测的再氧化率（RRs），并将这些RR的贡献与环境[NO _x ]进行了比较。由于表面硝酸盐（=硝酸（HNO ₃）+硝酸盐颗粒（PNO ₃在PSP））光解有可能轻微NO _X夏季期间源极和一个不可忽略的NO _X在冬季源。但是，在PSP从事光化学活性的案例研究期间，建模分析发现，在低O ₃生成速率下，氧化还原作用仅对O ₃产生显着影响，这表明氧化还原作用对高[O ₃ ]和O ₃过量事件的影响很小。在QC，在春季，夏季和冬季，氧化还原作用对环境[NO _x ]的贡献微不足道，这证实了纽约市的[NO _x ]几乎完全由人为NO控制。_x排放量。