Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). COVID‐19 mainly causes damage to the lung, as well as other organs and systems such as the hearts, the immune system and so on. Although the pathogenesis of COVID‐19 has been fully elucidated, there is no specific therapy for the disease at present, and most treatments are limited to supportive care. Stem cell therapy may be a potential treatment for refractory and unmanageable pulmonary illnesses, which has shown some promising results in preclinical studies. In this review, we systematically summarize the pathogenic progression and potential mechanisms underlying stem cell therapy in COVID‐19, and registered COVID‐19 clinical trials. Of all the stem cell therapies touted for COVID‐19 treatment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or MSC‐like derivatives have been the most promising in preclinical studies and clinical trials so far. MSCs have been suggested to ameliorate the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and protect alveolar epithelial cells by secreting many kinds of factors, demonstrating safety and possible efficacy in COVID‐19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, considering the consistency and uniformity of stem cell quality cannot be quantified nor guaranteed at this point, more work remains to be done in the future.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19、ARDS和肺纤维化的干细胞疗法

2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的急性呼吸道传染病。COVID-19 主要对肺以及心脏、免疫系统等其他器官和系统造成损害。尽管 COVID-19 的发病机制已被充分阐明，但目前对该病尚无特效疗法，大多数治疗仅限于支持治疗。干细胞疗法可能是治疗难治性和无法控制的肺部疾病的潜在疗法，在临床前研究中已经显示出一些有希望的结果。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了 COVID-19 中干细胞治疗的致病进展和潜在机制，并注册了 COVID-19 临床试验。在所有吹捧用于 COVID-19 治疗的干细胞疗法中，迄今为止，间充质干细胞 (MSCs) 或 MSC 样衍生物在临床前研究和临床试验中是最有前途的。MSCs 已被建议通过分泌多种因子来改善细胞因子释放综合征 (CRS) 并保护肺泡上皮细胞，证明了在 COVID-19 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 患者中的安全性和可能的​​疗效。然而，考虑到干细胞质量的一致性和均一性目前无法量化也无法保证，未来还有更多工作要做。证明对 COVID-19 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 患者的安全性和可能的​​疗效。然而，考虑到干细胞质量的一致性和均一性目前无法量化也无法保证，未来还有更多工作要做。证明对 COVID-19 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 患者的安全性和可能的​​疗效。然而，考虑到干细胞质量的一致性和均一性目前无法量化也无法保证，未来还有更多工作要做。