Rapid and widespread evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in global weed species endowed by increased capacity to metabolize (degrade) herbicides (metabolic resistance) is a great threat to herbicide sustainability and global food production. Metabolic resistance in the economically damaging crop weed species Lolium rigidum is well known but a molecular understanding has been lacking. We purified a metabolic resistant (R) subset from a field evolved R L. rigidum population. The R, the herbicide susceptible (S) and derived F₂ populations were used for candidate herbicide resistance gene discovery by RNA sequencing. A P450 gene CYP81A10v7 was identified with higher expression in R vs. S plants. Transgenic rice overexpressing this Lolium CYP81A10v7 gene became highly resistant to acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase‐ and acetolactate synthase‐inhibiting herbicides (diclofop‐methyl, tralkoxydim, chlorsulfuron) and moderately resistant to hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase‐inhibiting herbicide (mesotrione), photosystem II‐inhibiting herbicides (atrazine and chlorotoluron) and the tubulin‐inhibiting herbicide trifluralin. This wide cross‐resistance profile to many dissimilar herbicides in CYP81A10v7 transgenic rice generally reflects what is evident in the R L. rigidum. This report clearly showed that a single P450 gene in a cross‐pollinated weed species L. rigidum confers resistance to herbicides of at least five modes of action across seven herbicide chemistries.

中文翻译：

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刚性黑麦草中的细胞色素P450 CYP81A10v7至少通过五种作用方式赋予对除草剂的代谢抗性

全球除草剂对多种除草剂抗性的迅速和广泛发展归因于其代谢（降解）除草剂（代谢抗性）的能力增强，这对除草剂的可持续性和全球粮食生产构成了巨大威胁。经济破坏性作物杂草物种刚性黑麦草的代谢抗性是众所周知的，但缺乏分子理解。我们从现场进化的R L中纯化了抗代谢（R）子集。刚性种群。R，除草剂敏感种群（S）和衍生的F ₂种群用于通过RNA测序发现候选除草剂抗性基因。P450基因CYP81A10v7鉴定出在R与S植物中表达较高。过量表达该黑麦草CYP81A10v7基因的转基因水稻对乙酰辅酶A羧化酶和乙酰​​乳酸合酶抑制性除草剂（双氯氟甲基，三烷氧基肟，氯磺隆）具有高度抗性，对羟苯基丙酮酸二氧合酶抑制性除草剂具有中等抗性， （阿特拉津和氯甲苯隆）和抑制微管蛋白的除草剂三氟拉林。对CYP81A10v7转基因水稻中许多不同除草剂的广泛交叉抗性概况通常反映了R L中的明显现象。僵尸。该报告清楚地表明，异花授粉杂草L中有一个P450基因。刚草赋予七种除草剂化学物质至少五种作用方式的除草剂抗性。