Marine aerosol plays a vital role in cloud‐aerosol interactions during summer in the Arctic. The recent rise in temperature and decrease in sea ice extent have the potential to impact marine biogenic sources. Compounds like methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and non‐sea‐salt sulfate (nss‐SO₄²⁻), oxidation products of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) emitted by marine primary producers, are likely to increase in concentration. Long‐term studies are vital to understand these changes in marine sulfur aerosol and potential interactions with Arctic climate. Samples were collected over three summers at two coastal sites on the North Slope of Alaska (Utqiaġvik and Oliktok Point). MSA concentrations followed previously reported seasonal trends, with evidence of high marine primary productivity influencing both sites. When added to an additional data set collected at Utqiaġvik, an increase in MSA concentration of + 2.5% per year and an increase in nss‐SO₄²⁻ of + 2.1% per year are observed for the summer season over the 20‐year record (1998–2017). This study identifies ambient air temperature as a strong factor for MSA, likely related to a combination of interrelated factors including warmer sea surface temperature, reduced sea ice, and temperature‐dependent chemical reactions. Analysis of individual particles at Oliktok Point, within the North Slope of Alaska oil fields, showed evidence of condensation of MSA onto anthropogenic particles, highlighting the connection between marine and oil field emissions and secondary organic aerosol. This study shows the continued importance of understanding MSA in the Arctic while highlighting the need for further research into its seasonal relationship with organic carbon.

中文翻译：

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阿拉斯加北极海洋硫气溶胶的长期趋势及其与温度的关系

夏季夏季，海洋气溶胶在云气溶胶相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。最近温度上升和海冰范围减少有可能影响海洋生物源。甲磺酸（MSA）和非海盐硫酸盐（nss-SO ₄ ^2-），海洋初级生产者排放的二甲基硫醚（DMS）的氧化产物浓度可能会增加。长期研究对于了解海洋硫气溶胶的这些变化以及与北极气候的潜在相互作用至关重要。整个三个夏天，在阿拉斯加北坡（Utqia Ovik和Oliktok Point）的两个沿海地点采集了样本。MSA浓度遵循先前报告的季节性趋势，并有证据表明较高的海洋初级生产力会影响这两个地点。当添加到在乌特恰维克（Utqiaġvik）收集的其他数据集时，MSA浓度每年增加+ 2.5％，nss-SO ₄ ^{2−则增加}在20年来的最高记录（1998-2017年）中，每年的夏季观测到的误差为+ 2.1％。这项研究确定环境空气温度是MSA的重要因素，可能与一系列相互关联的因素有关，包括海面温度升高，海冰减少和温度依赖性化学反应。对阿拉斯加油田北坡内Oliktok点的单个颗粒的分析表明，MSA凝结在人为颗粒上，这凸显了海洋和油田排放与二次有机气溶胶之间的联系。这项研究表明了了解北极地区MSA的持续重要性，同时强调了需要进一步研究其与有机碳的季节性关系。