Seasonal environments drive convergent evolution of a faster pace‐of‐life in tropical butterflies,Ecology Letters

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Seasonal environments drive convergent evolution of a faster pace‐of‐life in tropical butterflies
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13626
Sridhar Halali ₁ , Erik Bergen _{1,

2,

3} , Casper J. Breuker ₄ , Paul M. Brakefield ₁ , Oskar Brattström _{1,

5}

Affiliation

New ecological niches that may arise due to climate change can trigger diversification, but their colonisation often requires adaptations in a suite of life‐history traits. We test this hypothesis in species‐rich Mycalesina butterflies that have undergone parallel radiations in Africa, Asia, and Madagascar. First, our ancestral state reconstruction of habitat preference, using c. 85% of extant species, revealed that early forest‐linked lineages began to invade seasonal savannahs during the late Miocene‐Pliocene. Second, rearing replicate pairs of forest and savannah species from the African and Malagasy radiation in a common garden experiment, and utilising published data from the Asian radiation, demonstrated that savannah species consistently develop faster, have smaller bodies, higher fecundity with an earlier investment in reproduction, and reduced longevity, compared to forest species across all three radiations. We argue that time‐constraints for reproduction favoured the evolution of a faster pace‐of‐life in savannah species that facilitated their persistence in seasonal habitats.

中文翻译：

季节性环境推动热带蝴蝶更快生活节奏的趋同进化

气候变化可能引起的新生态位可能引发多样化，但其定殖通常需要适应一系列生活史特征。我们在非洲，亚洲和马达加斯加经历了平行辐射的物种丰富的Mycalesina蝴蝶中验证了这一假设。首先，我们使用c重建祖先的栖息地偏好状态。85％的现存物种表明，与森林相关的早期世系在中新世-上新世末期开始入侵季节性大草原。其次，在一个普通的花园实验中，从非洲和马达加斯加的辐射中繁殖出成对的森林和热带稀树草原物种，并利用来自亚洲辐射的已发布数据，证明热带稀树草原物种持续生长较快，具体较小，繁殖力较高，并在早期进行了投资。与所有三种辐射下的森林物种相比，它们的繁殖能力和寿命降低。我们认为，繁殖的时间限制有利于大草原物种生活节奏的加快，从而促进了它们在季节性生境中的持久性。

更新日期：2020-12-12

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