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What has single‐cell RNA sequencing revealed about microglial neuroimmunology?
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 , DOI: 10.1002/iid3.362 Norwin Kubick 1 , Patrick C Henckell Flournoy 2 , Pavel Klimovich 2 , Gina Manda 3 , Michel-Edwar Mickael 2, 4, 5
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 , DOI: 10.1002/iid3.362 Norwin Kubick 1 , Patrick C Henckell Flournoy 2 , Pavel Klimovich 2 , Gina Manda 3 , Michel-Edwar Mickael 2, 4, 5
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The use of single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) in microglial research is increasing rapidly. The basic workflow of this approach consists of isolating single cells, followed by sequencing. scRNA‐seq is capable of examining microglial heterogeneity on a cellular level. However, the results gained from applying this technique suffer from discrepancies due to differences between applied methods characteristics such as the number of cells sequenced and the depth of sequencing. This review aims to shed more light on the recent developments that happened in this field and how they are related to the methods used. To do that, we track the progress and limitations of various scRNA‐seq methods currently available. The review then summarizes the current knowledge gained using scRNA‐seq in the field of microglia, including novel subpopulations associated with function and development under homeostasis as well during several pathological conditions such as Alzheimer, lipopolysaccharide response, and HIV in relation to the methods employed. Our review points out that despite major developments found using this technique, current scRNA‐seq methods suffer from high cost, low yields, and nonstandardization of generated data. Additional development of scRNA‐seq methods will raise our awareness of microglia's heterogeneity and plasticity under healthy and pathological conditions.
中文翻译：
单细胞 RNA 测序揭示了小胶质细胞神经免疫学的哪些内容？
单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 在小胶质细胞研究中的应用正在迅速增加。该方法的基本工作流程包括分离单细胞，然后进行测序。 scRNA-seq 能够在细胞水平上检查小胶质细胞的异质性。然而，由于应用方法特征（例如测序的细胞数量和测序深度）之间的差异，应用该技术获得的结果存在差异。本综述旨在更多地了解该领域的最新发展以及它们与所使用的方法之间的关系。为此，我们跟踪了当前可用的各种 scRNA-seq 方法的进展和局限性。然后，该综述总结了目前在小胶质细胞领域使用 scRNA-seq 获得的知识，包括与稳态下的功能和发育相关的新亚群，以及在阿尔茨海默病、脂多糖反应和 HIV 等多种病理条件下与所采用的方法相关的知识。我们的评论指出，尽管使用该技术取得了重大进展，但当前的 scRNA-seq 方法仍存在成本高、产量低和生成数据非标准化的问题。 scRNA-seq 方法的进一步发展将提高我们对小胶质细胞在健康和病理条件下的异质性和可塑性的认识。
更新日期：2020-11-12
中文翻译：
单细胞 RNA 测序揭示了小胶质细胞神经免疫学的哪些内容？
单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 在小胶质细胞研究中的应用正在迅速增加。该方法的基本工作流程包括分离单细胞，然后进行测序。 scRNA-seq 能够在细胞水平上检查小胶质细胞的异质性。然而，由于应用方法特征（例如测序的细胞数量和测序深度）之间的差异，应用该技术获得的结果存在差异。本综述旨在更多地了解该领域的最新发展以及它们与所使用的方法之间的关系。为此，我们跟踪了当前可用的各种 scRNA-seq 方法的进展和局限性。然后，该综述总结了目前在小胶质细胞领域使用 scRNA-seq 获得的知识，包括与稳态下的功能和发育相关的新亚群，以及在阿尔茨海默病、脂多糖反应和 HIV 等多种病理条件下与所采用的方法相关的知识。我们的评论指出，尽管使用该技术取得了重大进展，但当前的 scRNA-seq 方法仍存在成本高、产量低和生成数据非标准化的问题。 scRNA-seq 方法的进一步发展将提高我们对小胶质细胞在健康和病理条件下的异质性和可塑性的认识。
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