Several innate immune receptors can sense doublestranded RNA. In this issue however, Garcias López et al. show that crucial events for the initiation of adaptive immunity, namely the migration of dendritic cells from the periphery to the draining lymph nodes and their upregulation of the co‐stimulatory molecule CD86, strictly depend on TLR3. Using novel TLR3 switch‐on mice, the authors show that cDC1‐restricted TLR3 expression suffices for the activation of both cDC1 and cDC2. While both subsets require TNFα signaling for activation and migration, cDC1 additionally depend on type I IFN signaling, a trigger less important for cDC2. Since cDC1 and cDC2 differ widely in their capacity of inducing specific types of immunity, these data are an important contribution to the puzzle aiming at faithful vaccine design for the induction of a tailored immune response to the target of choice.

几种先天免疫受体可以感知双链RNA。然而，在本期杂志中，加西亚斯·洛佩兹（GarciasLópez）等人。表明启动适应性免疫的关键事件，即树突状细胞从外周向淋巴结的迁移以及它们对共刺激分子CD86的上调，完全取决于TLR3。作者使用新颖的TLR3开机小鼠显示，cDC1限制的TLR3表达足以激活cDC1和cDC2。虽然这两个子集都需要TNFα信号来激活和迁移，但cDC1还依赖于I型IFN信号，这对cDC2而言不太重要。由于cDC1和cDC2在诱导特定类型的免疫力上的能力差异很大，