The effects of cochlear implants on residual hearing loss is investigated through a finite element model of human auditory periphery consisting of the cochlea and middle ear. The simulation results show that a round window stiffness is the dominant factor in residual hearing loss. The increased round window stiffness to five times caused over 4 dB residual hearing loss at low frequencies below 500 Hz. Without considering round window ossification, inserting a cochlear implant can show at most 4 dB difference of residual hearing loss in magnitude from the no-implant case although the cochlear implant's geometry and position has been varied. If the stiffness of the round window is the same, the simulation results suggest to use a thin-straight-cochlear implant inserted into the lateral side in order to preserve residual hearing at frequencies below 700 Hz. In addition, when the distance between the basilar membrane and a cochlear implant is closer, the residual hearing loss becomes severe at high frequencies above 1 kHz. The results would be helpful for choice of a cochlear implant depending on a patient's condition.

中文翻译：

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人工耳蜗对残余听力损失的机械影响：有限元分析

通过由耳蜗和中耳组成的人类听觉外围的有限元模型研究人工耳蜗对残余听力损失的影响。仿真结果表明，圆窗刚度是残余听力损失的主导因素。在低于 500 Hz 的低频下，圆窗刚度增加到五倍导致超过 4 dB 的残余听力损失。在不考虑圆窗骨化的情况下，尽管人工耳蜗的几何形状和位置发生了变化，但插入人工耳蜗与未植入的情况相比，最多可显示 4 dB 的残余听力损失幅度差异。如果圆窗的刚度相同，模拟结果建议使用插入外侧的细直耳蜗植入物，以保留低于 700 Hz 频率的残余听力。此外，当基底膜和人工耳蜗之间的距离更近时，残余听力损失在 1 kHz 以上的高频下变得严重。结果将有助于根据患者的情况选择人工耳蜗。