Ionic liquids can be utilized in petroleum science. However, significant attention has been paid to the utilization of ionic liquids in petroleum science by researchers. In this work, the recent development of the utilization of ionic liquids in petroleum science is introduced. First of all, ionic liquids can be utilized as an additive in the oil & gas industry, such as a surfactant, corrosion inhibitor, demulsifier, and dispersant. In addition, ionic liquids can be utilized in the separation process of oil & gas processing. For example, ionic liquids can be utilized to remove naphthenic acids from oils, extract toluene from alkanes, dissolution of asphaltene in oils, extract phenol from model oil, and separate oil mixtures in a combination of membranes. Ionic liquids can also be utilized in novel technology development for enhanced oil recovery, and oil field scale control process. Moreover, utilization of ionic liquids in gasoline desulfurization process is important and crucial, which is greener, lower cost, and safer compared with the traditional processing technology. Furthermore, ionic liquids can be utilized as novel solvents to form micro-emulsion. Some ionic liquids have task-specific functional groups, which can reduce the cost and improve the separation efficiency. The utilization of ionic liquids in the catalysis process of the oil & gas industry is also introduced in this work. In the end, the utilization of ionic liquids in the oil sand treatment process and asphaltene precipitation inhibition process is discussed. This work will benefit the novel environmentally friendly technology development using ionic liquids for oil & gas production and processing.

离子液体可用于石油科学。但是，研究人员已经非常关注石油科学中离子液体的利用。在这项工作中，介绍了石油科学中离子液体利用的最新发展。首先，离子液体可以在石油和天然气工业中用作添加剂，例如表面活性剂，缓蚀剂，破乳剂和分散剂。此外，离子液体可用于油气加工的分离过程。例如，离子液体可用于从油中除去环烷酸，从烷烃中提取甲苯，将沥青质溶解在油中，从模型油中提取苯酚以及在膜的组合中分离油混合物。离子液体还可用于新技术开发中，以提高采油率和油田规模控制过程。此外，在汽油脱硫过程中利用离子液体是重要和至关重要的，与传统的处理技术相比，这种技术更环保，成本更低，更安全。此外，离子液体可以用作新型溶剂以形成微乳液。一些离子液体具有特定任务的官能团，可以降低成本并提高分离效率。这项工作还介绍了在石油和天然气工业的催化过程中离子液体的利用。最后讨论了离子液体在油砂处理过程和沥青质沉淀抑制过程中的利用。