To design and construct hardware for general intelligence, we must consider principles of both neuroscience and very-large-scale integration. For large neural systems capable of general intelligence, the attributes of photonics for communication and electronics for computation are complementary and interdependent. Using light for communication enables high fan-out as well as low-latency signaling across large systems with no traffic-dependent bottlenecks. For computation, the inherent nonlinearities, high speed, and low power consumption of Josephson circuits are conducive to complex neural functions. Operation at 4\,K enables the use of single-photon detectors and silicon light sources, two features that lead to efficiency and economical scalability. Here I sketch a concept for optoelectronic hardware, beginning with synaptic circuits, continuing through wafer-scale integration, and extending to systems interconnected with fiber-optic white matter, potentially at the scale of the human brain and beyond.

中文翻译：

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光电智能

为了设计和构建通用智能硬件，我们必须考虑神经科学和超大规模集成的原则。对于具有通用智能能力的大型神经系统，用于通信的光子学和用于计算的电子学的属性是互补和相互依存的。使用光进行通信可以在没有流量依赖瓶颈的大型系统中实现高扇出和低延迟信号传输。对于计算，约瑟夫森电路固有的非线性、高速和低功耗有利于复杂的神经功能。在 4\,K 下运行可以使用单光子探测器和硅光源，这两个特性可提高效率和经济的可扩展性。在这里，我勾勒出光电硬件的概念，从突触电路开始，