The immune response against fungal infections is complex and exhibits several factors involving innate elements that participate in the interaction with the fungus. The innate immune system developed pattern recognition receptors that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns present both on the surface of the fungi cell wall and on their genetic material. These receptors have the function of activating the innate immune response and regulating a subsequent adaptive immune response. Among pattern recognition receptors, the family of Toll-like receptors and C-type lectin receptors are the best described and characterized, they act directly in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns expressed on the wall of the fungus and consequently in directing the immune response. In recent years, the role of intracellular pattern recognition receptors (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) has become increasingly important in the pathophysiology of some mycoses, as paracoccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and candidiasis. The recognition of nucleic acids performed by these receptors can be essential for the control of some fungal infections, as they can be harmful to others. Therefore, this review focuses on highlighting the role played by intracellular pattern recognition receptors both in controlling the infection and in the host's susceptibility against the main fungi of medical relevance.

针对真菌感染的免疫反应很复杂，并且表现出涉及参与与真菌相互作用的先天元素的几种因素。先天免疫系统发展了模式识别受体，可以识别真菌细胞壁表面及其遗传物质上存在的与病原体相关的不同分子模式。这些受体具有激活先天免疫应答并调节随后的适应性免疫应答的功能。在模式识别受体中，Toll样受体和C型凝集素受体家族得到了最好的描述和表征，它们直接作用于识别真菌壁上表达的病原体相关分子模式，从而指导免疫系统的发展。响应。最近几年，细胞内模式识别受体（TLR3，TLR7，TLR8和TLR9）的作用在一些霉菌的病理生理中已变得越来越重要，如副球菌，隐球菌，曲霉病和念珠菌病。这些受体对核酸的识别对于控制某些真菌感染可能是必不可少的，因为它们可能对其他真菌有害。因此，本综述着重于强调细胞内模式识别受体在控制感染以及宿主对医学相关主要真菌的敏感性中的作用。这些受体对核酸的识别对于控制某些真菌感染可能是必不可少的，因为它们可能对其他真菌有害。因此，本综述着重于强调细胞内模式识别受体在控制感染以及宿主对医学相关主要真菌的敏感性中的作用。这些受体对核酸的识别对于控制某些真菌感染可能是必不可少的，因为它们可能对其他真菌有害。因此，本综述着重于强调细胞内模式识别受体在控制感染以及宿主对医学相关主要真菌的敏感性中的作用。