As an ancient Gram-negative bacterium, Helicobacter pylori has settled in human stomach. Eradicating H. pylori increases the morbidities of asthma and other allergic diseases. Therefore, H. pylori might play a protective role against asthma. The “disappearing microbiota” hypothesis suggests that the absence of certain types of the ancestral microbiota could change the development of immunology, metabolism, and cognitive ability in our early life, contributing to the development of some diseases. And the Hygiene Hypothesis links early environmental and microbial exposure to the prevalence of atopic allergies and asthma. Exposure to the environment and microbes can influence the growing immune system and protect subsequent immune-mediated diseases. H. pylori can inhibit allergic asthma by regulating the ratio of helper T cells 1/2 (Th1/Th2), Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs), etc. H. pylori can also target dendritic cells to promote immune tolerance and enhance the protective effect on allergic asthma, and this effect relies on highly suppressed Tregs. The remote regulation of lung immune function by H. pylori is consistent with the gut-lung axis theory. Perhaps, H. pylori also protects against asthma by altering levels of stomach hormones, affecting the autonomic nervous system and lowering the expression of heat shock protein 70. Therapeutic products from H. pylori may be used to prevent and treat asthma. This paper reviews the possible protective influence of H. pylori on allergic asthma and the possible application of H. pylori in treating asthma.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol

中文翻译：

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幽门螺杆菌感染对过敏性哮喘的保护作用

作为一种古老的革兰氏阴性菌，幽门螺杆菌已经在人的胃中定居。根除幽门螺杆菌会增加哮喘和其他过敏性疾病的发病率。因此，幽门螺杆菌可能对哮喘起保护作用。“微生物群消失”假说表明，某些类型的祖先微生物群的缺失可能会改变我们早期免疫学、新陈代谢和认知能力的发展，从而导致某些疾病的发展。卫生假说将早期环境和微生物暴露与特应性过敏和哮喘的流行联系起来。接触环境和微生物会影响不断增长的免疫系统并保护随后的免疫介导疾病。H. pylori可通过调节辅助性 T 细胞 1/2 (Th1/Th2)、Th17/调节性 T 细胞 (Tregs) 等比例来抑制过敏性哮喘。H. pylori还可靶向树突状细胞，促进免疫耐受，增强对过敏性哮喘的保护作用，而这种作用依赖于高度抑制的 Tregs。H. pylori对肺免疫功能的远程调节与肠-肺轴理论一致。也许，幽门螺杆菌还可以通过改变胃激素水平、影响自主神经系统和降低热休克蛋白 70 的表达来预防哮喘。幽门螺杆菌的治疗产品可用于预防和治疗哮喘。本文综述了可能的保护作用H. pylori对过敏性哮喘的影响及H. pylori在治疗哮喘中的可能应用。
Int Arch 过敏免疫