Natural and anthropogenic soil degradation is resulting in a substantial rise in the extension of saline and industrially-polluted soils. Phytoremediation offers an environmentally and economically advantageous solution to soil contamination. Three growth trials were conducted to assess the stress tolerance of native Canadian genotypes of Populus balsamifera L., Salix eriocephala Michx., and one hybrid willow (S. discolor × S. dasyclados) to salinity and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) wastewater. Thirty-three genotypes were grown in NaCl or fracking wastewater solutions between 0 and 7 mS⁻¹ over a period of 3–4 months. P. balsamifera was observed to be relatively salt-intolerant compared to S. eriocephala and hybrid willow, which is likely caused by an inability of P. balsamifera to restrict Na⁺ translocation. Photosynthesis and transpiration decreased with salinity treatments, and severe reductions occurred with exposure to fracking solutions. Raffinose and stachyose content was tripled in leaf and root tissues. In willows, Na⁺ was primarily confined to root tissues, Cl⁻ accumulated up to 5% dry weight in leaves, and K⁺ was translocated from roots to leaves. Willow genotypes CAM-2 and STL-2 displayed the greatest maintenance of growth and resistance to necrotic symptoms in all trials, suggesting that these genotypes may be useful for practical application and further field study.

中文翻译：

---

毛白杨和水杨柳对盐分和水力压裂废水的生理响应：植物修复的潜力

天然的和人为的土壤退化导致盐渍土壤和工业污染土壤的扩展大大增加。植物修复为土壤污染提供了一种对环境和经济有利的解决方案。三个生长试验进行了评估天然加拿大基因型的胁迫耐受性欧洲大叶杨L.，柳属eriocephala金樱子，和一个混合柳树（S.变色× S. dasyclados）对盐度和水力压裂（压裂）废水。在3到4个月的时间内，有33种基因型在0-7 mS ^-1的NaCl或压裂废水溶液中生长。苦瓜相比之下，与普通头孢霉菌和杂种柳树相比，观察到的盐是不耐盐的，这很可能是由于苦瓜假单胞菌不能限制Na ⁺易位引起的。盐度处理使光合作用和蒸腾作用降低，而接触压裂溶液则使光合作用和蒸腾作用大大降低。叶和根组织中的棉子糖和水苏糖含量增加了两倍。在柳树，钠⁺是主要局限于根组织，氯^-在叶片积累高达5％干重，和K ⁺从根到叶 在所有试验中，柳树基因型CAM-2和STL-2表现出最大的生长维持性和对坏死症状的抵抗力，表明这些基因型可能对实际应用和进一步的田间研究有用。