To detect behavioral anomalies (disease/injuries), 24 h monitoring of horses each day is increasingly important. To this end, recent advances in machine learning have used accelerometer data to improve the efficiency of practice sessions and for early detection of health problems. However, current devices are limited in operational lifetime due to the need to manually replace batteries. To remedy this, we investigated the possibilities to power the wireless radio with a vibrational piezoelectric energy harvester at the leg (or in the hoof) of the horse, allowing perpetual monitoring devices. This paper reports the average power that can be delivered to the node by energy harvesting for four different natural gaits of the horse: stand, walking, trot and canter, based on an existing model for a velocity-damped resonant generator (VDRG). To this end, 33 accelerometer datasets were collected over 4.5 h from six horses during different activities. Based on these measurements, a vibrational energy harvester model was calculated that can provide up to $64.04$$\mathrm{W}$ during the energetic canter gait, taking an energy conversion rate of 60% into account. Most energy is provided during canter in the forward direction of the horse. The downwards direction is less suitable for power harvesting. Additionally, different wireless technologies are considered to realize perpetual wireless data sensing. During horse training sessions, BLE allows continues data transmissions (one packet every 0.04 s during canter), whereas IEEE 802.15.4 and UWB technologies are better suited for continuous horse monitoring during less energetic states due to their lower sleep current.

中文翻译：

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使用动能收集器模型进行无线马监测的可行性

为了检测行为异常（疾病/伤害），每天对马进行24小时监控变得越来越重要。为此，机器学习的最新进展已使用加速度计数据来提高练习的效率和及早发现健康问题。但是，由于需要手动更换电池，因此当前设备的使用寿命受到限制。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了在马的腿（或蹄）上用振动压电能量收集器为无线电设备供电的可能性，从而允许永久监视设备。本文基于速度阻尼共振发生器（VDRG）的现有模型，报告了通过对马的四种不同自然步态进行能量收集可传递给节点的平均功率：站立，行走，小跑和慢跑。为此，在4.5小时内，从六匹马的不同活动中收集了33个加速度计数据集。根据这些测量，计算出一个振动能量收集器模型，该模型可以提供高达$64。04$$\mathrm{w\; ^}$在充满活力的慢跑步态中，要考虑60％的能量转换率。在慢跑时，大部分能量是在马的前进方向上提供的。向下方向不太适合功率收集。另外，考虑了不同的无线技术来实现永久的无线数据感测。在赛马训练期间，BLE允许连续数据传输（在慢跑期间每0.04 s发送一个数据包），而IEEE 802.15.4和UWB技术由于其较低的睡眠电流而更适合在能量较低的状态下进行连续的赛马监视。