Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are commonly used in medical devices. However, biomaterial-associated infections such as peri-implantitis and prosthetic joint infections are devastating and threatening complications for patients, dentists, and orthopedists and are easily developed on titanium surfaces. Therefore, this review focuses on the formation of biofilms on implant surfaces, which is the main cause of infections, and one-step micro-arc oxidation (MAO) as a coating technology that can be expected to prevent infections due to the implant. Many researchers have provided sufficient data to prove the efficacy of MAO for preventing the initial stages of biofilm formation on implant surfaces. Silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are well used and are incorporated into the Ti surface by MAO. In this review, the antibacterial properties, cytotoxicity, and durability of these elements on the Ti surface incorporated by one-step MAO will be summarized. This review is aimed at enhancing the importance of the quantitative control of Ag, Cu, and Zn for their use in implant surfaces and the significance of the biodegradation behavior of these elements for the development of antibacterial properties.

中文翻译：

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一步微弧氧化法掺入二氧化钛层中银、铜和锌的抗菌性能和生物相容性：综述


钛（Ti）及其合金常用于医疗器械。然而，与生物材料相关的感染，如种植体周围炎和假体关节感染，对患者、牙医和骨科医生来说是毁灭性和威胁性的并发症，并且很容易在钛表面上发生。因此，本次综述重点关注种植体表面生物膜的形成，这是感染的主要原因，而一步式微弧氧化（MAO）作为一种涂层技术，有望预防种植体引起的感染。许多研究人员已经提供了足够的数据来证明 MAO 在预防植入物表面生物膜形成的初始阶段的功效。银 (Ag)、铜 (Cu) 和锌 (Zn) 被广泛使用，并通过 MAO 结合到 Ti 表面。在这篇综述中，我们将总结通过一步 MAO 结合到 Ti 表面上的这些元素的抗菌性能、细胞毒性和耐久性。本综述旨在增强对银、铜和锌在植入物表面中的使用进行定量控制的重要性，以及这些元素的生物降解行为对于抗菌性能发展的重要性。