Abstract. Past attempts to reconstruct the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) using paleo archives have resulted in records which can differ significantly from one another prior to the window over which the proxies are calibrated. This study attempts to quantify not only the skill with which we may expect to reconstruct the SAM, but also assess the contribution of regional bias in proxy selection and the impact of non-stationary proxy-SAM teleconnections on a resulting reconstruction. This is achieved using a pseudo-proxy framework with output from the CM2.1 global climate model. Reconstructions derived from precipitation fields perform better, with 89 % of reconstructions calibrated over a 61 year window able to reproduce at least 50 % of inter-annual variance in the SAM, as opposed to just 25 % for surface temperature (SAT) derived reconstructions. Non-stationarity of proxy-SAM teleconnections, as defined here, plays a negligible role in reconstructions, however the range in reconstruction skill is not negligible. Reconstructions were most likely to be skilful when proxies are sourced from a geographically broad region, with a network size of 70 proxies.

中文翻译：

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在模型框架中量化南部环形模式的古重建技能

摘要。过去使用古档案库重建南环空模式（SAM）的尝试已导致在校准代理窗口之前，记录之间存在显着差异。这项研究不仅试图量化我们可能期望重建SAM的技能，而且还评估了代理选择中区域偏见的贡献以及非平稳代理SAM远程连接对最终重建的影响。这是通过使用伪代理框架和CM2.1全球气候模型的输出来实现的。从降水场获得的重建效果更好，在61年的窗内校准的89％重建能够再现SAM中至少50％的年际变化，而从地表温度（SAT）得出的重建只有25％。此处定义的代理SAM远程连接的非平稳性在重建中的作用微不足道，但是重建技能的范围却不可忽略。当代理来自地理上广泛的区域（网络规模为70个代理）时，重构最有可能是熟练的。