The effects of in-hive tasks on the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) ventriculus microbial profile were investigated by analysing honey bees belonging to six in-hive tasks (newly-emerged, nurses, wax builder, guardians, young foragers, old foragers). Total viable aerobic bacterial count, Enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., aerobic bacterial endospores, and Enterococcus spp. were determined using a culture-based method. Significant in-hive tasks-dependent microbial profiles were detected for all cultured bacteria (p < 0.001), with the lowest values for newly-emerged and wax builder and the highest for old foragers. Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were quantitatively lower in young foragers than in old foragers, while they were absent in the other investigated in-hive tasks. E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected only in old foragers. 1Lactic acid bacteria were higher in nurses and old foragers compared to the other in-hive tasks, while the newly-emerged showed the lowest amount of lactic acid bacteria. The results from this investigation showed that ventriculus microbiological profile of Apis mellifera ligustica undergoes changes based on the in-hive task, and, as concerns foragers, on their age.

中文翻译：

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西方蜜蜂 Apis mellifera ligustica (Spinola, 1806) 脑室微生物特征的变化与其蜂巢任务相关

通过分析属于六个蜂巢任务（新出现、护士、蜡建造者、守护者、年轻觅食者、老觅食者）的蜜蜂，研究了蜂巢内任务对蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）脑室微生物特征的影响）。总活需氧细菌计数、肠杆菌科、葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、乳酸菌、假单胞菌属、需氧细菌内生孢子和肠球菌属。使用基于培养的方法确定。对于所有培养的细菌（p < 0.001），检测到显着的蜂巢任务依赖微生物特征，新出现的细菌和蜡生成物的值最低，老觅食者的值最高。假单胞菌属 和葡萄球菌属。年轻觅食者的数量低于年老觅食者，而在其他调查的蜂巢任务中则不存在。E. 大肠杆菌和肠球菌属。仅在老觅食者中检测到。1 与蜂巢内的其他任务相比，护士和老觅食者的乳酸菌含量较高，而新出现的乳酸菌含量最低。这项调查的结果表明，意大利蜜蜂的脑室微生物特征会根据蜂箱内任务发生变化，对于觅食者来说，也会随着年龄发生变化。