ABSTRACT

Plants are susceptible to phytopathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, which cause colossal financial shortfalls (pre- and post-harvest) and threaten global food safety. To combat with these phytopathogens, plant possesses two-layer of defense in the form of PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), or Effectors-triggered immunity (ETI). The understanding of plant-molecular interactions and revolution of high-throughput molecular techniques have opened the door for innovations in developing pathogen-resistant plants. In this context, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has transformed genome editing (GE) technology and being harnessed for altering the traits. Here we have summarized the complexities of plant immune system and the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the various components of plant immune system to acquire long-lasting resistance in plants against phytopathogens. This review also sheds the light on the limitations of CRISPR-Cas9 system, regulation of CRISPR-Cas9 edited crops and future prospective of this technology.

摘要

植物容易受到细菌、真菌和病毒等植物病原体的影响，从而导致巨大的财政短缺（收获前和收获后）并威胁全球食品安全。为了对抗这些植物病原体，植物拥有 PAMP 触发免疫 (PTI) 或效应器触发免疫 (ETI) 形式的两层防御。对植物分子相互作用的理解和高通量分子技术的革命为开发抗病原体植物的创新打开了大门。在此背景下，成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR)-CRISPR 相关蛋白 9 (Cas9) 已经改变了基因组编辑 (GE) 技术，并被用于改变性状。在这里，我们总结了植物免疫系统的复杂性以及利用CRISPR-Cas9编辑植物免疫系统的各个组成部分以获得植物对植物病原体的持久抵抗力。这篇综述还揭示了 CRISPR-Cas9 系统的局限性、CRISPR-Cas9 编辑作物的调控以及该技术的未来前景。