Growth performance of pigs has been associated with healthy gut microbiota. To improve production, pigs are usually treated with antimicrobials. Nonetheless, while antimicrobials harm the gut‐indigenous microbiota, probiotic supplementation seems to help keep it healthy. Here, using antimicrobials, we artificially induced dysbiosis in pigs and evaluated a possible preventive effect of probiotic supplementation. Three 6‐week‐old piglets were given a basal feed, and 3 more the feed supplemented with 2.0 × 10⁶ CFU of Bacillus subtilis QST713/g of feed. After 14 days, antimicrobial enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg B.W.) was injected intramuscularly to all pigs on days 14–16. Feces were collected on days 14, 17, 19, 21, and 23. Total bacteria count was unaffected by enrofloxacin or QST713. However, Lactobacillus spp. and, in particular, Escherichia coli were affected by enrofloxacin, the latter not being observed in the feces on days 17 and 19. Interestingly, a reciprocal increase in E. coli was observed in control pigs on days 21 and 23, although in QST713‐supplemented piglets, this increase was attenuated. While the gut microbiota composition did not return to initial levels in antimicrobial‐administered piglets, it did in QST713‐supplemented piglets. QST713 supplementation was likely crucial to keep the microbiota of piglets healthy.

中文翻译：

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使用益生菌枯草芽孢杆菌菌株 QST713 进行日粮补充的初步研究表明，它可以减轻断奶仔猪因抗生素引起的生态失调

猪的生长性能与健康的肠道微生物群有关。为了提高产量，通常对猪进行抗菌处理。尽管如此，虽然抗菌剂会损害肠道固有微生物群，但补充益生菌似乎有助于保持其健康。在这里，我们使用抗菌素人工诱导猪的生态失调，并评估益生菌补充剂可能产生的预防作用。三只 6 周龄仔猪饲喂基础饲料，另外三只饲喂添加 2.0 × 10 ⁶  CFU枯草芽孢杆菌QST713/g 饲料的饲料。14 天后，在第 14-16 天向所有猪肌肉注射抗菌恩诺沙星 (5 mg/kg BW)。在第 14、17、19、21 和 23 天收集粪便。总细菌计数不受恩诺沙星或 QST713 的影响。然而，乳酸菌属 尤其是大肠杆菌受到恩诺沙星的影响，后者在第 17 天和第 19 天的粪便中未观察到。有趣的是，在第21 天和第 23 天观察到对照猪大肠杆菌的相互增加，尽管在 QST713-补充仔猪，这种增加减弱了。虽然给予抗生素的仔猪的肠道微生物群组成没有恢复到初始水平，但补充 QST713 的仔猪却做到了。QST713 补充剂可能对保持仔猪微生物群的健康至关重要。