Coastal cities are susceptible to the impacts of waves, flooding, storm surge, and sea‐level rise. In response to these threats, coastal jurisdictions have invested in engineered shoreline defenses such as breakwaters and sea walls that are costly to implement and maintain. Thus, there is an increasing recognition that nature‐based defenses provided by healthy ecosystems like coral reefs can be an effective and cost‐efficient alternative to mitigate the impacts of climatic hazards while simultaneously restoring ecosystem services. Unfortunately, coral reefs have experienced degradation worldwide, lowering their potential for wave‐energy dissipation. As coastal vulnerability increases with the loss of natural barriers, it is imperative to design and test novel resilience solutions. Our study quantifies the benefits of hybrid artificial reefs for wave mitigation in a wave‐tank simulator using periodic waves of three heights (0.10, 0.16, and 0.24 m) at two water levels (0.55 and 0.65 m) defined considering the Froude similarity with a prototype reef structure in South Florida. Experiments showed that an artificial trapezoidal reef model reduces wave height (> 35%) and wave energy (up to 63%) under realistic wave conditions. Moreover, adding coral skeletons of Acropora cervicornis to simulate reef restoration onto the model mitigates up to an additional 10% of wave height and 14% of wave energy through increased friction, supporting the use of hybrid approaches that integrate both gray and green infrastructure to enhance coastal resilience. Exploring wave‐tank simulations provides a better understanding of wave effects before implementing larger and more costly projects in the field.

中文翻译：

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波浪模拟器中混合人工礁消散的波浪能：对海岸复原力和海岸线保护的影响

沿海城市容易受到海浪，洪水，风暴潮和海平面上升的影响。为了应对这些威胁，沿海国家/地区已经投资建设了防波堤和防波堤等设计好的海岸线防线，而这些防线的实施和维护成本很高。因此，人们越来越认识到，由健康的生态系统（例如珊瑚礁）提供的基于自然的防御措施可以是减轻气候危害影响的同时又恢复生态系统服务的有效且具有成本效益的替代方案。不幸的是，珊瑚礁在世界范围内经历了退化，降低了其波能消散的潜力。由于沿海脆弱性随着自然屏障的丧失而增加，因此必须设计和测试新颖的弹性解决方案。我们的研究量化了杂波人造礁石在波浪坦克模拟器中的减震效果，该模拟器使用两个高度（0.55和0.65 m）定义的三个高度（0.10、0.16和0.24 m）的周期性波，考虑了Froude相似度与a南佛罗里达的原型礁结构。实验表明，在实际波浪条件下，人工梯形礁模型可降低波浪高度（> 35％）和波浪能量（最高63％）。此外，添加珊瑚骨骼 35％）和实际波浪条件下的波浪能量（最高63％）。此外，添加珊瑚骨骼 35％）和实际波浪条件下的波浪能量（最高63％）。此外，添加珊瑚骨骼鹿角cervicornis以模拟礁恢复到模型上缓解到波高和通过增加摩擦波能量的14％的10％的额外，配套使用的集成了灰色和绿色基础设施，以增强沿海弹性混合方法。探索波浪油箱模拟可以更好地了解波浪效应，然后再在现场实施规模更大，成本更高的项目。