Although color plays a crucial role in the demarcation of surfaces in the visual field, its role in depth perception is not well understood. Certain special effects of color on depth perception that arise from optical factors such as chromatic aberration (chromostereopsis) have been studied, but less is known about the role of perceptual factors of color in determining depth relations. The present study explores the role that the different attributes of color such as hue, chroma, and lightness play in the stratification of surfaces in depth. In two experiments, subjects manipulated specific dimensions of colors (hue, chroma, lightness, and whiteness) while making judgments of coplanarity of either two or more abutting surfaces. The results demonstrate that for surfaces to appear coplanar, their lightness has to be proportional to the natural (intrinsic) lightness of the hues. No meaningful effects of chroma, whiteness, or blackness were found in depth stratification. The results suggest a primary role of the natural lightness of hues in depth perception.

中文翻译：

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表面分层的颜色决定因素

尽管颜色在视野范围内的表面划分中起着至关重要的作用，但它在深度感知中的作用尚未得到很好的理解。已经研究了由光学因素（例如色差（色差））引起的颜色对深度感知的某些特殊影响，但对于颜色的感知因素在确定深度关系中的作用知之甚少。本研究探讨了颜色的不同属性（例如色相，色度和亮度）在深度表面分层中的作用。在两个实验中，受试者对颜色的特定尺寸（色相，色度，亮度和白色度）进行了处理，同时对两个或多个相邻表面的共面性进行了判断。结果表明，要使表面看起来共面，它们的亮度必须与色调的自然（固有）亮度成比例。在深度分层中未发现色度，白度或黑度的有意义影响。结果表明，色彩的自然亮度在深度感知中起主要作用。