Sodium is one of the most promising alternatives to lithium as an anode material for next‐generation batteries. However, severe Na dendrite growth hinders its practical implementation. Here, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber film coated with a thin layer of tin on the bottom side (closing to battery case) serves as a scaffold for Na deposition. Due to the low nucleation barrier enabled by the Sn layer, Na deposition spontaneously occurs at the bottom of the scaffold, and then is homogeneously confined within its 3D network because of the decreased local current density caused by 3D structure and uniform Na⁺ distribution regulated by the sodiophilic PAN. With this well‐controlled orientation of Na deposition, the Na‐PAN/Sn electrode delivers a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% in Na plating/stripping at 5 mA cm⁻², stable operation for over 2500 h in symmetric batteries at 2 mA cm⁻², and excellent cyclic stability and rate capability in Na metal full batteries.

中文翻译：

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具有无树突状钠金属电池的可控位置和方向的钠沉积

钠是锂的最有前途的替代品之一，可作为下一代电池的负极材料。但是，严重的Na枝晶生长阻碍了其实际应用。在此，在底面上涂有一层锡薄层的聚丙烯腈（PAN）纤维膜（与电池盒封闭）用作Na沉积的支架。由于Sn层可实现较低的成核势垒，因此Na沉积会自发发生在支架的底部，然后由于3D结构引起的局部电流密度降低和受NaCl调节的均匀Na ⁺分布而均匀地限制在其3D网络内。嗜碱PAN。通过良好控制的Na沉积方向，Na-PAN / Sn电极在5 mA cm的Na镀层/剥离中可提供99.5％的高库仑效率^－2，在2 mA cm ^－2的对称电池中可稳定运行2500小时以上，并且在Na金属充满电池中具有出色的循环稳定性和倍率性能。