Abstract A general expression is formulated from the first principles for wave and current forces acting on a body. Morison's equation is recovered as a special case of the general formulation, thus establishing this heuristic-regarded equation on a firm theoretical ground. The drag force is clearly seen to be originating from the advective acceleration and the skin friction resistance, which is not explicitly represented in Morison's equation, is viewed as a small part of the drag force. For the special case of constant flow velocity the general expression is employed to derive a resistance formula for ships. The viscous term is handled through the use of Prandtl-Karman formulation of friction drag due to a turbulent boundary layer. Conflict between Froude and Reynolds scaling is reconciled by allowing a deviation from the true partition of the corresponding forces but ensuring in return the correct scaling of the total resistance force for the model and ship. The performance of the resistance formula is checked against the experimental measurements of various ship forms. Finally, formulas for forces due to a current at an angle to a ship are suggested.

中文翻译：

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作用在船体上的波浪力和水流力和船舶阻力的公式

摘要 根据作用在物体上的波浪力和水流力的基本原理，可以得出一个一般表达式。Morison 方程被恢复为一般公式的一个特例，从而在坚实的理论基础上建立这个启发式方程。可以清楚地看到阻力源自对流加速度，而蒙皮摩擦阻力（未在 Morison 方程中明确表示）被视为阻力的一小部分。对于恒定流速的特殊情况，使用通用表达式来推导出船舶的阻力公式。由于湍流边界层，通过使用摩擦阻力的 Prandtl-Karman 公式处理粘性项。Froude 和 Reynolds 定标之间的冲突通过允许与相应力的真实分配有偏差但反过来确保模型和船舶的总阻力的正确定标来调和。阻力公式的性能根据各种船型的实验测量进行检查。最后，建议了由于与船舶成一定角度的水流所产生的力的公式。