Natural minerals are used as sorbent in water treatment processes due to their high exchange and relatively low cost. In this paper, a pilot water treatment was conducted to explore the application of greensand in a fluidized bed column while the iron, manganese and ammonium removal performances of two treatment processes, including greensand filtration and potassium permanganate-greensand filtration were evaluated. The breakthrough curves were investigated to analyze the effect of variables such as bed height and inlet flow on the removal performance in addition to the physical properties of greensand. The results showed that the effect of potassium permanganate on the outlet concentration of the fluidized bed was significant in terms of the breakthrough curves which led to the breakthrough points for iron and manganese. It was found that adding potassium permanganate increased the equilibrium column capacity ($q_{eq}$) from 5.18 mg/g and 2.16 mg/g to 12.70 mg/g and 11.29 mg/g for iron and manganese respectively. So Fe and Mn outlet concentrations reached under the admissible maximum concentration of drinking water. In the experiments without KMnO₄, iron removal was found to be caused by reductive dissolution and adsorption while adsorption was the only mechanism for manganese removal. The findings indicated that ammonium removal was minimally influenced by KMnO₄ and ion exchange was the main mechanism for ammonium removal.

天然矿物由于其高交换性和相对较低的成本而在水处理过程中用作吸附剂。在本文中，进行了中试水处理，以探索绿砂在流化床塔中的应用，同时评估了绿砂过滤和高锰酸钾绿砂过滤这两种处理工艺的铁，锰和铵去除性能。研究了突破曲线，以分析除床层的物理特性外，诸如床高和入口流量等变量对去除性能的影响。结果表明，就突破曲线而言，高锰酸钾对流化床出口浓度的影响是显着的，这导致了铁和锰的突破点。$q_{Ëq}$）从铁和锰分别从5.18 mg / g和2.16 mg / g降至12.70 mg / g和11.29 mg / g。因此，铁和锰的出口浓度达到饮用水允许的最大浓度以下。在没有KMnO ₄的实验中，发现铁的去除是还原性溶解和吸附引起的，而吸附是去除锰的唯一机理。研究结果表明，KMnO ₄去除铵的影响最小，离子交换是去除铵的主要机理。