Abstract

The feasibility of converting local coal-fired boilers into environmentally friendly catalytic boiler plants using fly ashes as easily available complete-oxidation catalysts is demonstrated as a way of solving the environmental pollution problem. The technology of combusting organic fuels in a fluidized bed of heterogenous catalysts is briefly outlined, the principle of catalytic combustion is described, the feasibility of replacing special-purpose catalysts by fly ash is grounded, and the criteria that the fly ash has to meet are experimentally determined. The problems that result from introducing technology of combusting fuels in a fluidized bed of heterogenous catalysts are considered and ways of solving the latter are proposed. The unique compact specialized automated OXI-1 system developed by the authors is presented. The system allows for the catalytic activity of heterogeneous complete-oxidation catalysts to be promptly tested during the methane oxidation reaction by average-skilled personnel (laboratory assistants). Further, the system can be applied to explore the feasibility of using ashes, slurries, and slags containing catalytically active components as cheap and quite efficient complete-oxidation catalysts in fluidized-catalyst-bed boiler plants and combusting organic waste in reactors based on the same principle. According to a developed and tested method, comparative analysis of the catalytic activity of the fly ash from the boiler plant in Yurga, Kemerov oblast, and the commercial special-purpose IK-12-74 deep-oxidation catalysts for hydrocarbons was performed. The activity degree of the fly ash has been experimentally determined at different temperatures and the practicability of using the above fly ash within the range of 750–800°C has been grounded. Further, the minimum residence time of the fuel in the fluidized bed sufficient to maintain the catalytic combustion conditions has been found.

中文翻译：

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用粉煤灰替代商业完全氧化催化剂和自动系统测定灰分活性的前景

摘要

作为解决环境污染问题的一种方法，证明了使用飞灰作为易得的全氧化催化剂将本地燃煤锅炉转换为环保催化锅炉的可行性。简要概述了在非均相催化剂流化床中燃烧有机燃料的技术，描述了催化燃烧的原理，粉煤灰替代专用催化剂的可行性，以及粉煤灰必须满足的标准是：实验确定。考虑了在异质催化剂的流化床中引入燃料燃烧技术引起的问题，并提出了解决该问题的方法。作者介绍了独特的紧凑型专业自动化OXI-1系统。该系统允许普通技术人员（实验室助手）在甲烷氧化反应过程中迅速测试多相完全氧化催化剂的催化活性。此外，该系统还可用于探索在流化床催化剂锅炉厂中使用含催化活性成分的灰烬，淤浆和炉渣作为廉价而高效的完全氧化催化剂，并在基于该催化剂的反应堆中燃烧有机废物的可行性。原理。根据一种经过开发和测试的方法，对凯梅罗夫州尤尔加锅炉厂生产的粉煤灰与用于烃的商业专用IK-12-74深氧化催化剂进行了比较分析。通过实验确定了粉煤灰在不同温度下的活性程度，并且在750–800°C的温度范围内使用上述粉煤灰的实用性得到了证实。此外，已经发现燃料在流化床中的最小停留时间足以维持催化燃烧条件。