Abstract

Spider communities (Arachnida: Aranei) have been studied in central Kazakhstan along 70° E longitude in the subzones of typical, dry, and desert steppes on catenas, including eluvial, transitive, and accumulative positions. In total, 79 spider species belonging to 33 genera and 11 families have been identified. The bulk of the spider population consists of gnaphosid ground spiders, which are typical for arid zones and arid habitats. Wolf spiders (Lycosidae) are also abundant in the study area; they are most numerous in the lower, more humid catena positions. An increase in the proportion of jumping spiders (Salticidae), as well as their taxonomic diversity in the spider population, has been observed in the direction from north to south, from typical to desert steppes. In contrast to the species richness of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae), which decreases in the series of these habitats from north to south, the number of spider species increases, and this is similar to the species richness of darkling beetles. Within the latitudinal gradient from north to south, at the upper positions of the catena, the dynamic density of spiders decreases, while the ecological diversity of spider taxocenes increases. Catena positions that are similar in faunal composition are, as a rule, also similar in the structure of the spider population. The transition from typical to desert steppes is accompanied by a decrease in the number of widespread species of subboreal distribution, and the number of species typical for steppe and semidesert habitats and for solonchaks increases.

中文翻译：

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哈萨克斯坦中部草原的Zonal-Catena矩阵中的蜘蛛分布（蛛网纲：Araneae）

摘要

在哈萨克斯坦中部，研究人员在东经地区典型的旱地和荒漠草原分区上经度为70°的蜘蛛群落（Arachnida：Aranei）进行了研究，包括坡地，过渡地和累积地。总共鉴定出属于33属11个科的79种蜘蛛。蜘蛛种群的大部分由长颈长尾蜘蛛组成，这是干旱地区和干旱生境的典型特征。研究区的狼蛛（狼科）也很丰富。在潮湿度较低的较低位置，它们数量最多。从北到南，从典型草原到沙漠草原，观察到跳跃蜘蛛（Salticidae）的比例及其在蜘蛛种群中的分类学多样性的增加。与地面甲虫（鞘翅目，甲壳纲）的物种丰富度相反，从北到南，这些生境系列减少，蜘蛛种类增加，这与黑甲虫的物种丰富度相似。在从北到南的纬度梯度内，在链的上部，蜘蛛的动态密度降低，而蜘蛛紫杉类的生态多样性增加。通常，动物组成上相似的链齿位置在蜘蛛种群的结构上也相似。从典型的草原过渡到荒漠草原伴随着亚地下分布的广泛物种数量减少，并且草原和半沙漠生境和独栖动物的典型物种数量增加。这类似于黑甲虫的物种丰富度。在从北到南的纬度梯度内，在链的上部，蜘蛛的动态密度降低，而蜘蛛紫杉类的生态多样性增加。通常，动物组成上相似的链状体位置在蜘蛛种群的结构上也相似。从典型的草原过渡到荒漠草原伴随着亚地下分布的广泛物种数量减少，并且草原和半沙漠生境和独栖动物的典型物种数量增加。这与黑甲虫的物种丰富度相似。在从北到南的纬度梯度内，在链的上部，蜘蛛的动态密度降低，而蜘蛛紫杉类的生态多样性增加。通常，动物组成上相似的链齿位置在蜘蛛种群的结构上也相似。从典型的草原过渡到荒漠草原伴随着亚地下分布的广泛物种数量减少，并且草原和半沙漠生境和独栖动物的典型物种数量增加。蜘蛛紫杉的生态多样性增加。通常，动物组成上相似的链齿位置在蜘蛛种群的结构上也相似。从典型的草原过渡到荒漠草原伴随着亚地下分布的广泛物种数量减少，并且草原和半沙漠生境和独栖动物的典型物种数量增加。蜘蛛紫杉的生态多样性增加。通常，动物组成上相似的链齿位置在蜘蛛种群的结构上也相似。从典型的草原过渡到荒漠草原伴随着亚地下分布的广泛物种数量减少，并且草原和半沙漠生境和独栖动物的典型物种数量增加。