Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, Anacardiaceae) is an aggressive invasive species that occurs in peninsular Florida, USA. Current management techniques are expensive, require repeated application, and cause non-target damage in ecologically sensitive habitats. Calophya lutea Burckhardt and Calophya terebinthifolii Burckhardt & Basset (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) were found damaging Brazilian peppertree in Brazil. To determine if C. lutea and C. terebinthifolii are suitable biological control agents of Brazilian peppertree, host specificity testing was conducted in a quarantine laboratory. In total, 97 plant species were tested, and oviposition and gall initiation were evaluated under no-choice conditions. Calophya lutea and C. terebinthifolii oviposited on nine and five of the 97 plant species tested, respectively. The majority of the eggs were laid on Brazilian peppertree and complete immature development with adult emergence occurred only on Brazilian peppertree. Adult longevity and behavior were determined in a separated experiment on all non-target species on which Calophya oviposited during the host specificity experiment. Adult longevity was four to five times longer on Brazilian peppertree when compared to non-target species. Based on our results, we conclude that both C. lutea and C. terebinthifolii are host-specific and form galls and complete development only on Brazilian peppertree. Therefore, these agents are considered safe to release in Florida and should be incorporated into the ongoing biological control program.

巴西胡椒树（Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi，Anacardiaceae）是一种侵略性入侵物种，发生在美国佛罗里达州的半岛上。当前的管理技术昂贵，需要重复应用，并且在生态敏感的生境中造成非目标性破坏。在巴西发现了Calophya lutea Burckhardt和Calophya terebinthifolii Burckhardt＆Basset（半翅目：Calophyidae）损害了巴西的胡椒树。要确定是否C.黄体和C. terebinthifolii是巴西胡椒的合适生物防治剂，宿主特异性测试是在隔离实验室中进行的。总共测试了97种植物，并在非选择条件下评估了产卵和胆汁萌发。Calophya lutea和C. terebinthifolii分别在测试的97种植物中的9种和5种上产卵。大部分卵产在巴西胡椒树上，只有在巴西胡椒树上才能完全发育不成熟，并有成虫出现。成年寿命和行为是通过一项针对所有非目标物种的Calophya的单独实验确定的在宿主特异性实验中显示。与非目标物种相比，巴西胡椒树的成年寿命延长了四到五倍。根据我们的结果，我们得出结论，既C.黄体和C. terebinthifolii是主机特定的，形式的虫瘿和完整的开发只能在巴西胡椒。因此，这些药剂被认为可以安全地在佛罗里达释放，应纳入正在进行的生物防治计划中。