This article studies the effect of nanoparticle aggregation on the 3D flow of titanium nanoliquid based on ethylene glycol \( ( {\text{C}}_{ 2} {\text{H}}_{ 6} {\text{O}}_{2} - {\text{TiO}}_{2} ) \) due to an exponentially elongated surface. Thermal analysis is carried out considering linear thermal radiation, Joule heating, and mechanisms of the heat source/sink, while the aspect of the homogeneous single-order chemical reaction is included in the analysis of the solute. The variable magnetic field is also accounted. The modified Maxwell model (Maxwell–Bruggeman) is implemented to estimate the effective conductivity of the nanoliquid. The displayed equations are moderated in quantities without dimensions. The 2-point nonlinear boundary value problem (BVP) is solved by the shooting procedure. The importance of effective parameters is described through graphs. Numerical data are presented to study the friction factor, the heat transfer rate, and the mass transfer rate. It has been established that the aggregation of nanoparticles significantly improves the thermal field. Furthermore, the effect of magnetism is more in ordinary fluid than in nanofluid.

本文研究了基于乙二醇的纳米粒子聚集对钛纳米液3D流动的影响\（（{\ text {C}} _​​ {2} {\ text {H}} _ {6} {\ text {O} } _ {2}-{\ text {TiO}} _ {2}）\）由于表面呈指数伸长。进行热分析时要考虑线性热辐射，焦耳热以及热源/散热器的机理，而溶质的分析则包括均相单级化学反应的方面。还考虑了可变磁场。修改后的麦克斯韦模型（Maxwell-Bruggeman）用于估算纳米液体的有效电导率。显示的方程式的数量不受限制。通过拍摄过程解决了两点非线性边界值问题（BVP）。有效参数的重要性通过图形描述。提供了数值数据来研究摩擦系数，传热速率和传质速率。已经确定，纳米颗粒的聚集显着改善了热场。此外，在普通流体中比在纳米流体中，磁性的影响更大。