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CRISPR screening identifies novel PARP inhibitor classification based on distinct base excision repair pathway dependencies
bioRxiv - Cancer Biology Pub Date : 2021-02-08 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.18.333070
Gregory A. Breuer , Jonathan Bezney , Nathan R. Fons , Ranjini K. Sundaram , Wanjuan Feng , Gaorav P. Gupta , Ranjit S. Bindra

DNA repair deficiencies have become an increasingly promising target for novel therapeutics within the realm of clinical oncology. Recently, a number of inhibitors of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases (PARPs) have received approval for the treatment of ovarian cancers with and without deleterious mutations in the homologous recombination proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2. Unfortunately, as over two hundred clinical trials are actively underway testing the utility of PARP inhibition across dozens of unique cancers, the mechanism of action for such inhibitors remains unclear. While many believe PARP trapping to be the most important factor in the cytotoxicity found in such inhibitors, clinically effective inhibitors exist across the entirety of this spectrum. Such results indicate that classification of inhibitors as strong and weak trappers does not properly capture the intra-class characteristics of such small molecule inhibitors. Using a novel, targeted DNA damage repair and response (DDR) CRISPR/Cas9 screening library, we describe a new classification scheme for PARP inhibitors that revolves around sensitivity to key modulators of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, unrelated to trapping ability or catalytic inhibition of PARP. These findings, described within, show that inhibition of PARylation and induction of PARP trapping are not the only factors at play in the response to PARP inhibitors in DDR-deficient cancers, and may provide insight into choice of PARP inhibition in the setting of additional DNA repair deficiencies.

中文翻译:

CRISPR筛选基于独特的碱基切除修复途径依赖性确定了新型PARP抑制剂分类

DNA修复缺陷已成为临床肿瘤学领域中新型疗法的越来越有希望的目标。最近,许多聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶(PARP)抑制剂已获得批准用于治疗同源重组蛋白BRCA1和BRCA2中有无有害突变的卵巢癌。不幸的是,由于超过200项临床试验正在积极进行,以测试PARP抑制作用在数十种独特癌症中的作用,因此此类抑制剂的作用机理仍不清楚。尽管许多人认为PARP捕获是此类抑制剂中发现的细胞毒性的最重要因素,但在整个光谱范围内都存在临床有效的抑制剂。这样的结果表明,将抑制剂分类为强捕集剂和弱捕集剂并不能适当地捕获此类小分子抑制剂的类内特征。使用新颖,有针对性的DNA损伤修复和反应(DDR)CRISPR / Cas9筛选库,我们描述了PARP抑制剂的新分类方案,该方案围绕对碱基切除修复(BER)途径的关键调节剂的敏感性,与捕获能力或催化抑制PARP。这些发现在内部进行了描述,表明抑制PARylation和诱导PARP捕获并不是DDR缺陷型癌症对PARP抑制剂的反应中唯一起作用的因素,并且可能为了解其他DNA设置中对PARP抑制选择的提供了见解。维修缺陷。使用新颖,有针对性的DNA损伤修复和反应(DDR)CRISPR / Cas9筛选库,我们描述了PARP抑制剂的新分类方案,该方案围绕对碱基切除修复(BER)途径的关键调节剂的敏感性,与捕获能力或催化抑制PARP。这些发现在内部进行了描述,表明抑制PARylation和诱导PARP捕获并不是DDR缺陷型癌症对PARP抑制剂的反应中唯一起作用的因素,并且可能为了解其他DNA设置中对PARP抑制选择的提供了见解。维修缺陷。使用新颖,有针对性的DNA损伤修复和反应(DDR)CRISPR / Cas9筛选库,我们描述了PARP抑制剂的新分类方案,该方案围绕对碱基切除修复(BER)途径的关键调节剂的敏感性,与捕获能力或催化抑制PARP。这些发现在内部进行了描述,表明抑制PARylation和诱导PARP捕获并不是DDR缺陷型癌症对PARP抑制剂的反应中唯一起作用的因素,并且可能为了解其他DNA设置中对PARP抑制选择的提供了见解。维修缺陷。与捕获能力或对PARP的催化抑制无关。这些发现在内部进行了描述,表明抑制PARylation和诱导PARP捕获并不是DDR缺陷型癌症对PARP抑制剂的反应中唯一起作用的因素,并且可能为了解其他DNA设置中对PARP抑制选择的提供了见解。维修缺陷。与捕获能力或对PARP的催化抑制无关。这些发现在内部进行了描述,表明抑制PARylation和诱导PARP捕获并不是DDR缺陷型癌症对PARP抑制剂的反应中唯一起作用的因素,并且可能为了解其他DNA设置中对PARP抑制选择的提供了见解。维修缺陷。
更新日期:2021-02-09
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