Abstract This article attempts to report native growth, plant description, phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of Syzygium aqueum, S. aromaticum, S. cumini, S. guineense and S. samarangense. Those are the large public species in the Syzygium genus and some of them have been used as traditional medicines. Different parts (leaves, seeds, fruits, barks, stem barks and flower buds) of each species plant are rich in phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides and phenolics. Antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, toxicity, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic activities are reported in various extracts (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) from different parts of Syzygium sp. The bioactivities were studied by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays for antioxidant, 5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoly)-3-(4-sulfophenyl) tetrazolium and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays for anticancer, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays for antidiabetic, agar well diffusion method for antimicrobial and brine shrimp lethality assay for toxicity. Moreover, this review shows that phytochemical constituents of each species significantly presented various bioactivities. Therefore, this review suggests that there is great potential for obtaining the lead drug from these species.

中文翻译：

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Syzygium 属植物描述、植物化学成分和生物活性：综述

摘要 本文试图报告 Syzygium aqueum、S.aromaticum、S. cumini、S. guineense 和 S. samarangense 的原生生长、植物描述、植物化学成分和生物活性。这些是 Syzygium 属中的大型公共物种，其中一些已被用作传统药物。每种植物的不同部分（叶、种子、果实、树皮、茎皮和花蕾）都富含植物化学成分，如黄酮类、萜类、单宁、苷类和酚类。据报道，来自 Syzygium sp. 不同部位的各种提取物（甲醇、乙醇和水）具有抗氧化、抗糖尿病、抗癌、毒性、抗菌、抗炎和驱虫活性。通过使用1研究生物活性，1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基和铁还原抗氧化剂的抗氧化能力测定，用于抗氧化剂、5-(3-羧基甲氧基苯基)-2-(4,5-二甲基-噻唑)-3-(4-磺基苯基)四唑和 3-(4, 5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2-5-二苯基四唑溴化物抗癌试验，α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶抑制试验，用于抗糖尿病，琼脂井扩散法用于抗菌和盐水虾毒性试验。此外，该综述表明，每个物种的植物化学成分都具有显着的各种生物活性。因此，本综述表明从这些物种中获得先导药物的潜力很大。用于抗糖尿病的 α-葡萄糖苷酶和 α-淀粉酶抑制测定，用于抗菌的琼脂井扩散法和用于毒性的盐水虾致死率测定。此外，该综述表明，每个物种的植物化学成分都具有显着的各种生物活性。因此，本综述表明从这些物种中获得先导药物的潜力很大。用于抗糖尿病的 α-葡萄糖苷酶和 α-淀粉酶抑制试验，用于抗菌的琼脂井扩散法和用于毒性的盐水虾致死试验。此外，该综述表明，每个物种的植物化学成分都具有显着的各种生物活性。因此，本综述表明从这些物种中获得先导药物的潜力很大。