The paper is focused on the evaluation of long-term changes in the chemical composition of precipitation in the mountain forests of Slovakia. Two stations with long-term measurements of precipitation quality were selected, namely the station of the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) network Chopok (2008 m a.s.l.) and the station of the ICP Forests (International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests) network Poľana-Hukavský gruň (850 m a.s.l.). All basic chemical components were analyzed, namely sulfur (S-SO4), nitrogen (N-NH4, N-NO3), and base cations (Ca, Mg, and K) contained in precipitation. The time changes of the individual components were statistically evaluated by the Mann–Kendall test and Kruskal–Wallis test. The results showed significant declining trends for almost all components, which can significantly affect element cycles in mountain forest ecosystems. The evaluated forty one-year period (1987 to 2018) is characterized by significant changes in the precipitation regime in Slovakia and the obtained results indicate possible directions in which the quantity and quality of precipitation in the mountainous areas of Slovakia will develop with ongoing climate change.

中文翻译：

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斯洛伐克山地森林降水质量的长期时间变化

该论文的重点是评估斯洛伐克山林中降水化学成分的长期变化。选择了两个对降水质量进行长期测量的站，即 EMEP（欧洲监测和评估计划）网络 Chopok（2008 m asl）站和 ICP Forests（国际评估和监测合作计划）站空气污染对森林的影响）网络 Poľana-Hukavský gruň (850 m asl)。分析了所有基本化学成分，即沉淀中包含的硫 (S-SO4)、氮 (N-NH4、N-NO3) 和碱阳离子 (Ca、Mg 和 K)。通过Mann-Kendall 检验和Kruskal-Wallis 检验统计评估各个组分的时间变化。结果表明，几乎所有成分都呈显着下降趋势，这会显着影响山地森林生态系统的元素循环。评估的 41 年（1987 年至 2018 年）的特点是斯洛伐克降水状况发生显着变化，所得结果表明斯洛伐克山区降水的数量和质量可能会随着气候变化而发展.