A solar tracker can be defined as an electromechanical system capable of following the apparent path of the Sun, in order to orient an array of solar panels and/or collectors directly to the solar rays, maximizing the collected energy. Accordingly, the present work describes the process of building and automating a micro-controlled solar tracker. Two mobile structures were built, one equipped with high-precision step motors and four luminosity sensors separated in quadrants by a cross structure, and the other equipped with DC motors and the 275 Wp solar panel, allowing the design and evaluation of the behavior of each structure separately. The control and automation system is centralized in an Arduino MEGA2560 microcontroller, which runs the tracking and positioning algorithms. The built prototype allows us to carry out studies of solar tracking strategies based on sensor and control systems applied to DC motors.

中文翻译：

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太阳能微跟踪器的构建和自动化

可以将太阳能跟踪器定义为一种机电系统，该系统能够遵循太阳的视在路径，以便将一系列太阳能电池板和/或收集器直接对准太阳光线，从而使收集到的能量最大化。因此，本工作描述了构建和自动化微控制太阳能跟踪器的过程。建造了两个移动式结构，其中一个装有高精度步进电机和四个通过交叉结构在象限中分开的发光度传感器，另一个装有直流电机和275 Wp太阳能电池板，从而可以设计和评估每个结构的性能结构分开。控制和自动化系统集中在Arduino MEGA2560微控制器中，该微控制器运行跟踪和定位算法。