Over the past few decades, the role of self-views in life satisfaction has been extensively investigated. Recently, growing attention has been directed to the question of whether an optimistic worldview, termed “reward for application”, helps boost life satisfaction. Conceptually, the association between reward for application and life satisfaction can be paradoxical. Due to various methodological and theoretical shortfalls, previous investigations were unable to draw a robust conclusion on this association. To address these shortfalls, two cross-lagged panel studies were conducted with different time lags. Over and above the potential confounds of self-views (namely, self-esteem and self-rated personality traits), reward for application had a positive effect on lagged life satisfaction among both adolescents and young adults, while the reverse effect was not found. Moreover, we found support for the multiplicative effect between worldviews and self-views, in which the positive effect of reward for application on life satisfaction was attenuated by high self-esteem.

中文翻译：

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相信努力会带来积极结果是否有帮助？青少年和年轻人中的两个交叉滞后小组调查

在过去的几十年中，对自我看法在生活满意度中的作用进行了广泛的研究。最近，人们越来越关注一种被称为“应用奖励”的乐观世界观是否有助于提高生活满意度。从概念上讲，申请报酬与生活满意度之间的联系可能是矛盾的。由于各种方法和理论上的不足，以前的研究无法得出与此相关的可靠结论。为了解决这些不足，进行了两个时滞不同的交叉滞后小组研究。除了自我评价的潜在混杂因素（即自尊和自我评价的人格特质）以外，应用奖励对青少年和年轻人的生活滞后满意度有积极影响，而未发现相反的效果。此外，我们发现了世界观和自我观之间的乘法效应的支持，其中，高自尊感削弱了应用报酬对生活满意度的积极作用。