Abstract The genetic and flower volatile diversity of 59 plants from two natural populations of Hyssopus officinalis L. situated 73 km away from each other in typical growing regions for this species in Bulgaria were analysed. Analysis with 10 sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) primer combinations scored a total of 1045 peaks of which 88.7% were polymorphic. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering revealed clear grouping of samples based on their population origin. However, analysis of the genetic differentiation revealed that the two populations (Godech and Izvor) are genetically similar as shown by the low Fst and Gst values as well as by the low Nei’s genetic distance and high gene flow (Nm). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of flower extracts from the same individual plants that were used in the genetic diversity analysis identified 32 compounds. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on compound abundances revealed two major clusters of samples which did not correspond to their population origin. In depth analysis of the compound abundances showed large variation between the two identified clusters including complete presence/absence of major compounds and the existence of two distinct chemotypes corresponding to the identified clusters. Our results indicate that future efforts towards development of genetic resource collections as well as transition towards field cultivation of this species in Bulgaria should take into account the presence of the two identified chemotypes in natural populations and the factors (both genetic and epigenetic) which determine their existence.

中文翻译：

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保加利亚Hyssopus officinalis L. 两个自然种群的遗传和花挥发性多样性

摘要 分析了保加利亚典型生长区相距73 km 的Hyssopus officinalis L. 两个自然种群的59 株植物的遗传和花挥发性多样性。使用 10 个序列相关的扩增多态性 (SRAP) 引物组合进行分析，共获得 1045 个峰，其中 88.7% 是多态的。主坐标分析 (PCoA) 和具有算术平均值 (UPGMA) 聚类的未加权对组方法揭示了基于样本群体来源的样本的清晰分组。然而，遗传分化的分析表明，这两个种群（Godech 和 Izvor）在遗传上相似，如 Fst 和 Gst 值低以及 Nei 的遗传距离低和基因流 (Nm) 高所示。对遗传多样性分析中使用的同一株植物的花提取物进行气相色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析，鉴定出 32 种化合物。基于化合物丰度的主成分分析 (PCA) 揭示了两个主要的样本簇，它们与其种群来源不符。对化合物丰度的深入分析表明，两个确定的簇之间存在很大差异，包括主要化合物的完全存在/不存在以及与确定的簇相对应的两种不同化学型的存在。