Mitochondria play a complex role in maintaining cellular function including ATP generation, generation of biosynthetic precursors for macromolecules, maintenance of redox homeostasis and metabolic waste management. Although, the contribution of mitochondrial function in various kidney diseases has been studied, there are still avenues that need to be explored under healthy and diseased conditions. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction have been implicated in experimental models of podocytopathy as well as in humans with glomerular diseases resulting from podocyte dysfunction. Specifically, in the podocyte, metabolism is largely driven by oxidative phosphorylation or glycolysis depending on the metabolic needs. These metabolic needs may change drastically in the presence of podocyte injury in glomerular diseases such as diabetic kidney disease or FSGS. Here, we review the role of mitochondria in the podocyte and the factors regulating its function at baseline and in a variety of podocytopathies in order to identify potential targets for therapy.

中文翻译：

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线粒体在足细胞中的复杂作用


线粒体在维持细胞功能中发挥着复杂的作用，包括 ATP 生成、大分子生物合成前体的生成、氧化还原稳态的维持和代谢废物管理。尽管线粒体功能在各种肾脏疾病中的贡献已被研究，但在健康和患病条件下仍有需要探索的途径。线粒体损伤和功能障碍与足细胞病的实验模型以及因足细胞功能障碍导致的肾小球疾病的人类有关。具体来说，在足细胞中，代谢主要由氧化磷酸化或糖酵解驱动，具体取决于代谢需求。当糖尿病肾病或 FSGS 等肾小球疾病中存在足细胞损伤时，这些代谢需求可能会发生巨大变化。在这里，我们回顾了线粒体在足细胞中的作用以及在基线和各种足细胞病中调节其功能的因素，以确定潜在的治疗靶点。