Sex‐based trade‐offs in the innate and acquired immune systems of Sternotherus minor,Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A

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Sex‐based trade‐offs in the innate and acquired immune systems of Sternotherus minor
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.2424
Jorge E. López‐Pérez _{1,

2} , Peter A. Meylan ₁ , Jeffrey M. Goessling ₁

Affiliation

Longevity patterns in most vertebrates suggest that females benefit most from maintenance investment. A reversed longevity pattern in loggerhead musk turtles (Sternotherus minor) allowed us to test trade‐offs between maintenance and survivorship. We tested the hypothesis that the sex with greater longevity has greater maintenance than the sex with shorter longevity. We also compared the following parameters between sexes: Bactericidal ability (BA) and heterophil:lymphocyte ratios (HLR). Baseline blood samples were collected from turtles in the field; a subset of turtles was returned to a laboratory for experiments of acquired immune responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). We found no support for the original hypothesis of reversal in sex‐dependent immune trade‐offs (difference between sex SRBC titers: p = .102; interaction between treatment and sex: p = .177; difference between treatments: p < .001; effect of sex on BA: p = .830; effect of sex on HLR: p = .717). However, we did find support for sex‐dependent differences in immunity in the relationship between HLR and body condition (BCI) (effect of BCI on HLR: p = .015). In field conditions, we found that males with higher body condition indices express stressed phenotypes more than males with lower body condition indices (p = .002). However, females expressed similar stress loads across all body conditions (p = .900). Testosterone concentrations were assayed in free‐living turtles and were not related to any of the immune parameters. Our results suggest that the immune systems play an important role in balancing sex‐specific responses to different selective pressures in S. minor.

中文翻译：

小胸骨先天和后天免疫系统中基于性别的权衡

大多数脊椎动物的寿命模式表明，雌性从维护投资中受益最大。顶背麝香龟（Sternotherus minor）的长寿模式相反，这使我们能够测试维护和生存之间的权衡。我们检验了以下假设：寿命长的性别比寿命短的性别具有更大的维持力。我们还比较了性别之间的以下参数：杀菌能力（BA）和嗜异性细胞：淋巴细胞比率（HLR）。从野外的海龟采集基线血样；将一部分海龟送回实验室，以进行对绵羊红细胞（SRBC）的后天免疫反应实验。我们发现对性别依赖性免疫折衷的逆转原始假设没有支持（性别SRBC效价之间的差异：p = .102；治疗与性别之间的相互作用：p = .177；处理之间的差异：p <.001；性别对BA的影响：p = .830；性对HLR的影响：p = .717）。但是，我们确实发现支持HLR与身体状况（BCI）之间关系中免疫力的性别依赖性差异（BCI对HLR的影响：p = .015）。在田间条件下，我们发现具有较高身体状况指数的男性比具有较低身体状况指数的男性表现出更多的压力表型（p = .002）。然而，女性在所有身体状况下都表现出相似的压力负荷（p = .900）。在自由生活的乌龟中测定了睾丸激素的浓度，与任何免疫参数均无关。我们的结果表明，免疫系统在平衡针对未成年人链球菌不同选择压力的性别特异性反应中起着重要作用。

更新日期：2020-10-19

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