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Priming for enhanced ARGONAUTE2 activation accompanies induced resistance to cucumber mosaic virus in Arabidopsis thaliana
Molecular Plant Pathology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 , DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13005 Sugihiro Ando 1, 2 , Michal Jaskiewicz 2 , Sei Mochizuki 1 , Saeko Koseki 1 , Shuhei Miyashita 1 , Hideki Takahashi 1 , Uwe Conrath 2
Molecular Plant Pathology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 , DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13005 Sugihiro Ando 1, 2 , Michal Jaskiewicz 2 , Sei Mochizuki 1 , Saeko Koseki 1 , Shuhei Miyashita 1 , Hideki Takahashi 1 , Uwe Conrath 2
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Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a broad‐spectrum disease resistance response that can be induced upon infection from pathogens or by chemical treatment, such as with benzo‐(1,2,3)‐thiadiazole‐7‐carbothioic acid S‐methyl ester (BTH). SAR involves priming for more robust activation of defence genes upon pathogen attack. Whether priming for SAR would involve components of RNA silencing remained unknown. Here, we show that upon leaf infiltration of water, BTH‐primed Arabidopsis thaliana plants accumulate higher amounts of mRNA of ARGONAUTE (AGO)2 and AGO3, key components of RNA silencing. The enhanced AGO2 expression is associated with prior‐to‐activation trimethylation of lysine 4 in histone H3 and acetylation of histone H3 in the AGO2 promoter and with induced resistance to the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV[Y]). The results suggest that priming A. thaliana for enhanced defence involves modification of histones in the AGO2 promoter that condition AGO2 for enhanced activation, associated with resistance to CMV(Y). Consistently, the fold‐reduction in CMV(Y) coat protein accumulation by BTH pretreatment was lower in ago2 than in wild type, pointing to reduced capacity of ago2 to activate BTH‐induced CMV(Y) resistance. A role of AGO2 in pathogen‐induced SAR is suggested by the enhanced activation of AGO2 after infiltrating systemic leaves of plants expressing a localized hypersensitive response upon CMV(Y) infection. In addition, local inoculation of SAR‐inducing Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola causes systemic priming for enhanced AGO2 expression. Together our results indicate that defence priming targets the AGO2 component of RNA silencing whose enhanced expression is likely to contribute to SAR.
中文翻译：
增强 ARGONAUTE2 激活的启动伴随着拟南芥对黄瓜花叶病毒的诱导抗性
系统获得性耐药 (SAR) 是一种广谱抗病反应，可在病原体感染或通过化学处理（例如苯并-(1,2,3)-噻二唑-7-硫代碳酸S-甲酯）时诱导（顺便说一句）。SAR 涉及在病原体攻击时启动更强有力的防御基因激活。SAR 的启动是否涉及 RNA 沉默的成分仍然未知。在这里，我们发现，在叶子浸入水后，BTH 引发的拟南芥植物积累了更多的ARGONAUTE (AGO)2和AGO3 mRNA ，这是 RNA 沉默的关键成分。AGO2表达的增强与组蛋白 H3 中赖氨酸 4 激活前的三甲基化和AGO2启动子中组蛋白 H3 的乙酰化以及诱导的对黄瓜花叶病毒黄色株 (CMV[Y]) 的抗性相关。结果表明，启动拟南芥以增强防御涉及对AGO2启动子中的组蛋白进行修饰，从而调节AGO2的增强激活，与 CMV(Y) 抗性相关。一致地，BTH 预处理导致ago2中 CMV(Y) 外壳蛋白积累的倍数减少低于野生型，表明ago2激活 BTH 诱导的 CMV(Y) 抗性的能力降低。AGO2在感染 CMV(Y) 感染后表达局部超敏反应的植物系统叶片中，AGO2的激活增强，表明 AGO2 在病原体诱导的 SAR 中发挥作用。此外，局部接种 SAR 诱导的丁香假单胞菌pv。maculicola引起全身启动以增强AGO2表达。我们的结果共同表明，防御启动针对RNA 沉默的AGO2成分，其表达增强可能有助于 SAR。
更新日期：2020-12-20
中文翻译：
增强 ARGONAUTE2 激活的启动伴随着拟南芥对黄瓜花叶病毒的诱导抗性
系统获得性耐药 (SAR) 是一种广谱抗病反应，可在病原体感染或通过化学处理（例如苯并-(1,2,3)-噻二唑-7-硫代碳酸S-甲酯）时诱导（顺便说一句）。SAR 涉及在病原体攻击时启动更强有力的防御基因激活。SAR 的启动是否涉及 RNA 沉默的成分仍然未知。在这里，我们发现，在叶子浸入水后，BTH 引发的拟南芥植物积累了更多的ARGONAUTE (AGO)2和AGO3 mRNA ，这是 RNA 沉默的关键成分。AGO2表达的增强与组蛋白 H3 中赖氨酸 4 激活前的三甲基化和AGO2启动子中组蛋白 H3 的乙酰化以及诱导的对黄瓜花叶病毒黄色株 (CMV[Y]) 的抗性相关。结果表明，启动拟南芥以增强防御涉及对AGO2启动子中的组蛋白进行修饰，从而调节AGO2的增强激活，与 CMV(Y) 抗性相关。一致地，BTH 预处理导致ago2中 CMV(Y) 外壳蛋白积累的倍数减少低于野生型，表明ago2激活 BTH 诱导的 CMV(Y) 抗性的能力降低。AGO2在感染 CMV(Y) 感染后表达局部超敏反应的植物系统叶片中，AGO2的激活增强，表明 AGO2 在病原体诱导的 SAR 中发挥作用。此外，局部接种 SAR 诱导的丁香假单胞菌pv。maculicola引起全身启动以增强AGO2表达。我们的结果共同表明，防御启动针对RNA 沉默的AGO2成分，其表达增强可能有助于 SAR。
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