Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with motor and non-motor symptoms. PD is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and deficiency of dopamine in the striatal region. The primary objective in PD research is to understand the pathogenesis, targets, and development of therapeutic interventions to control the progress of the disease. The anatomical and physiological resemblances between humans and animals gathered the researcher's attention towards the use of animals in PD research. Due to varying age of onset, symptoms, and progression rate, PD becomes heterogeneous which demands the variety of animal models to study diverse features of the disease. Parkinson is a multifactorial disorder, selection of models become important as not a single model shows all the biochemical features of the disease. Currently, conventional pharmacological, neurotoxin-induced, genetically modified and cellular models are available for PD research, but none of them recapitulate all the biochemical characteristics of the disease. In this review, we included the updated knowledge on the main features of currently available in vivo and in vitro models as well as their strengths and weaknesses.

帕金森氏病（PD）是一种具有运动和非运动症状的进行性神经退行性疾病。PD的特征是黑质致密部（SNpc）中多巴胺能神经元的变性和纹状体区域多巴胺的缺乏。PD研究的主要目的是了解发病机理，目标以及控制疾病进展的治疗性干预措施的发展。人与动物之间的解剖和生理相似之处吸引了研究人员对在PD研究中使用动物的关注。由于发病年龄，症状和进展速度的变化，PD变得异质，这就需要多种动物模型来研究疾病的多种特征。帕金森病是一种多因素疾病，模型的选择非常重要，因为没有一个模型能够显示出该疾病的所有生化特征。当前，常规的药理学，神经毒素诱导的，基因修饰的和细胞模型可用于PD研究，但没有一个能够概括该疾病的所有生化特征。在这篇综述中，我们包括了有关当前可用的体内和体外模型的主要特征及其优缺点的最新知识。