The management of soilborne root diseases in pulse crops is challenged by a limited range of resistance sources and often a complete absence of in-crop management options. Therefore, alternative management strategies need to be developed. We evaluated disease limiting interactions between the rhizobia species Mesorhizobium ciceri, and the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora medicaginis, which causes Phytophthora root rot (PRR) of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). For the PRR susceptible var. Sonali plants, post-pathogen M. ciceri inoculation significantly improved probability of plant survival when compared to P. medicaginis infected plants only pre-inoculated with M. ciceri (75% versus 35%, respectively). Potential mechanisms for these effects were investigated: rhizobia inoculation benefits to plant nodulation were not demonstrated, but the highest nodule N-fixation activity of P. medicaginis inoculated plants occurred for the post-pathogen M. ciceri treatment; rhizobia inoculation treatment did not reduce lesion development but certain combinations of microbial inoculation led to significant reduction in root growth. Microcosm studies, however, showed that the presence of M. ciceri reduced growth of P. medicaginis isolates. Putative chickpea disease resistance gene expression was evaluated using qPCR in var. Sonali roots. When var. Sonali plants were treated with M. ciceri post-P. medicaginis inoculation, the gene regulation in the plant host became more similar to PRR moderately resistant var. PBA HatTrick. These results suggest that M. ciceri application post P. medicaginis inoculation may improve plant survival by inducing defense responses similar to a PRR moderately resistant chickpea variety. Altogether, these results indicate that order of microbial succession can significantly affect PRR plant survial in susceptible chickpea under controlled conditions and improved plant survival effects are due to a number of different mechanisms including improved host nutrition, through direct inhibiton of pathogen growth, as well as host defense priming.

豆类作物中土壤传播的根部疾病的管理受到有限范围的抗药性来源的挑战，而且常常完全缺乏作物内管理的选择。因此，需要制定替代管理策略。我们评估了根瘤菌种Mesorhizobium ciceri和卵菌病原体Phytophthora medicaginis之间的疾病限制相互作用，这引起了鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum）的疫霉根腐病（PRR ）。对于PRR敏感的变量。与仅预先接种了M. ciceri的medicaginis感染的植物相比，Sonali植物病原体接种后的C. ciceri接种显着提高了植物存活的可能性（分别为75％和35％）。研究了产生这些效应的潜在机制：未证明根瘤菌接种对植物结瘤有好处，但是在病原菌后的M. ciceri处理中，接种了P. medicaginis的植物的最高结节N固定活性最高。根瘤菌接种治疗并没有减少病灶的发展，但是微生物接种的某些组合导致了根部生长的显着减少。缩影研究表明，M。ciceri的存在降低了P. medicaginis分离株的生长。使用qPCR在变种中评估推定的鹰嘴豆疾病抗性基因表达。索纳利人的根。当var。Sonali植物用M. ciceri处理后P.苜蓿接种，在植物宿主中的基因调控变得更加类似于PRR中度耐药变种。PBA HatTrick。这些结果表明，在P. medicaginis接种后施用M. ciceri可通过诱导类似于PRR中抗性鹰嘴豆品种的防御反应来提高植物存活率。总而言之，这些结果表明，微生物继代顺序可以在受控条件下显着影响易感鹰嘴豆中的PRR植物存活，改善的植物存活效果归因于许多不同的机制，包括通过直接抑制病原体生长以及改善宿主营养，以及主机防御启动。