In this study the intraspecies diversity of Fructilactobacillus (F.) sanfranciscensis (formerly Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis) was characterized by comparative genomics supported by physiological data. Twenty-four strains of F. sanfranciscensis were analyzed and sorted into six different genomic clusters. The core genome comprised only 43,14 % of the pan genome, i.e. 0.87 Mbp of 2.04 Mbp. The main annotated genomic differences reside in maltose, fructose and sucrose as well as nucleotide metabolism, use of electron acceptors, and exopolysacchride formation. Furthermore, all strains are well equipped to cope with oxidative stress via NADH oxidase and a distinct thiol metabolism. Only ten of 24 genomes contain two maltose phosphorylase genes (mapA and mapB). In F. sanfranciscensis TMW 1.897 only mapA was found. All strains except those from genomic cluster 2 contained the mannitol dehydrogenase and should therefore be able to use fructose as external electron acceptor. Moreover, six strains were able to grow on fructose as sole carbon source, as they contained a functional fructokinase gene. No growth was observed on pentoses, i.e. xylose, arabinose or ribose, as sole carbon source. This can be referred to the absence of ribose pyranase rbsD in all genomes, and absence of or mutations in numerous other genes, which are essential for arabinose and xylose metabolism. Seven strains were able to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) from sucrose. In addition, the strains containing levS were able to grow on sucrose as sole carbon source. Strains of one cluster exhibit auxotrophies for purine nucleotides. The physiological and genomic analyses suggest that the biodiversity of F. sanfranciscensis is larger than anticipated. Consequently, “original” habitats and lifestyles of F. sanfranciscensis may vary but can generally be referred to an adaptation to sugary (maltose/sucrose/fructose-rich) and aerobic environments as found in plants and insects. It can dominate sourdoughs as a result of reductive evolution and cooperation with fructose-delivering, acetate-tolerant yeasts.

在这项研究中，通过生理数据支持的比较基因组学，对金黄色葡萄球菌（F.）sanfranciscensis（以前的Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis）的种内多样性进行了表征。F. Sanfranciscensis 24株被分析并分为六个不同的基因组簇。核心基因组仅占泛基因组的43.14％，即0.87 Mbp和2.04 Mbp。注释的主要基因组差异在于麦芽糖，果糖和蔗糖，以及核苷酸代谢，电子受体的使用和胞外多糖的形成。此外，所有菌株都具备通过NADH氧化酶应对氧化应激和独特的硫醇代谢的能力。24个基因组中只有10个包含两个麦芽糖磷酸化酶基因（mapA和mapB）。在F.，旧金山TMW 1.897只有地图被找到。除来自基因组2的菌株外，所有菌株均含有甘露醇脱氢酶，因此应能够使用果糖作为外部电子受体。此外，六种菌株能够在果糖上作为唯一碳源生长，因为它们含有功能性果糖激酶基因。在作为唯一碳源的戊糖即木糖，阿拉伯糖或核糖上未观察到生长。这可以被称为在所有基因组中不存在核糖吡喃酶rbsD，以及在许多其他基因中不存在或突变，这对于阿拉伯糖和木糖代谢是必不可少的。七个菌株能够从蔗糖产生胞外多糖（EPS）。另外，含有levS的菌株能够以蔗糖作为唯一碳源生长。一簇的菌株表现出嘌呤核苷酸的营养缺陷型。生理和基因组分析表明，桑弗朗西斯菌的生物多样性比预期的要大。因此，F。sanfranciscensis的“原始”生境和生活方式可能会有所不同，但通常可以指对植物和昆虫中的含糖（富含麦芽糖/蔗糖/果糖）和有氧环境的适应。由于还原性进化以及与果糖传递，耐乙酸盐的酵母的协同作用，它可以主导酵母。