Introduction

Previous studies provide evidence that associations between different factors and children's independent mobility (CIM). In these studies, no difference between CIM range and time whereas have been difference between CIM range and time and attitudes of children and parents. Roles of different factors, including gender haven't been also proven with CIM time and range. Therefore, sought to determine impact assessment of socio-demographic, built-environmental and perceptual characteristics with CIM time and range varied by sex.

Methods

The present study measured the longest distance of each child from house as CIM range (meter) and the CIM time was calculated based on the weekly activity programs of children (minutes). Research were conduct in Ilam, Iran and 102 twelve-to-fourteen-year-old children and their parent were studied (N = 204).

Results

Results of multivariate regression indicated that the CIM time was affected by parents' perception and equal between girls and boys (32 min) despite the fact that parents' fear of crime against girls was higher than boys'. The CIM range was highly dependent on built-environmental characteristics and boys' CIM range (216 m) was greater than girls’ (159 m).

Conclusions

Vertical development of housing, parents' fear and sex differences were the most important factors in reducing the CIM.

中文翻译：

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评估儿童独立活动范围和时间的影响

介绍

先前的研究提供了证据，表明不同因素与儿童独立活动能力（CIM）之间的关联。在这些研究中，CIM范围和时间之间没有差异，而CIM范围和时间以及孩子和父母的态度之间却没有差异。CIM的时间和范围还没有证明不同因素的作用，包括性别。因此，力求确定CIM时间和范围因性别而异的社会人口统计学，建筑环境和感知特征的影响评估。

方法

本研究测量了每个孩子离屋子的最长距离，作为CIM范围（米），并且根据孩子的每周活动计划（分钟）计算出CIM时间。研究在伊朗伊斯兰堡进行，对102名12至14岁的儿童及其父母进行了研究（N = 204）。

结果

多元回归的结果表明，尽管父母对女孩的犯罪恐惧高于男孩，但CIM时间受父母的感知和男孩与男孩之间平等的影响（32分钟）。CIM范围高度依赖于内置环境特征，男孩的CIM范围（216 m）大于女孩的（159 m）。

结论

住房的垂直发展，父母的恐惧和性别差异是降低CIM的最重要因素。