The catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of lignin was studied at different temperature (260, 280 and 300 °C) with different metal supported (Co, Ni and Fe) on carbon nanotube (CNT) in the presence of different solvents including water, ethanol and methanol for 30 min Reaction time. In comparison with water solvent liquefaction, the bio-oil yield significantly increased under alcoholic solvent (ethanol and methanol). As the reaction temperature increased from 260 to 300 °C, there was an increase in the conversion (70.9–86.9 wt%) of lignin. The highest bio-oil yield (66.2 wt%) was found with 10.wt.% Co/CNT catalyst using an ethanol solvent system at 280 °C. Moreover lower temperature showed lower yield of bio-oil. Catalyst acidity and surface area were seen to affects the alkali lignin depolymerization. Co/CNT and Ni/CNT catalysts are mainly responsible for the depolymerization of lignin into higher monomer phenolic compounds. A higher area percentage of vanillin obtained during catalytic liquefaction reaction as the presence of a catalyst, and alcoholic solvent accelerated the β-O-4 bond cleavages. Also elemental and GPC analysis showed that during the liquefaction reaction promotes the hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation and produced lower molecular weight bio-oils.

在不同的溶剂（包括水，乙醇）存在下，在碳纳米管（CNT）上用不同的金属负载（钴，镍和铁）在不同温度（260、280和300°C）下研究了木质素的催化水热液化（HTL）与甲醇反应30分钟。与水溶剂液化相比，在酒精溶剂（乙醇和甲醇）作用下，生物油的产率显着提高。随着反应温度从260升高到300°C，木质素的转化率增加了（70.9-86.9 wt％）。在280°C的乙醇溶剂系统中，使用10.wt.％的Co / CNT催化剂发现了最高的生物油产率（66.2 wt％）。此外，较低的温度显示较低的生物油产率。看到催化剂的酸度和表面积影响碱木质素的解聚。Co / CNT和Ni / CNT催化剂主要负责将木质素解聚为高级单体酚类化合物。在催化液化反应过程中，由于存在催化剂而获得的香兰素的面积百分数更高，并且醇溶剂加速了β-O-4键的裂解。元素和GPC分析还表明，在液化反应过程中会促进氢化/加氢脱氧反应并产生较低分子量的生物油。