Abstract Atmospheric pressure plasma-based technique for the decomposition of biofuels allows obtaining high-quality graphene powder in one step, without the use of neither metal catalysts nor specific substrates. Despite the numerous advantages of this technology as compared to others, it is necessary to optimize the process to produce high-quality graphene at industrial scale. In this research, the influence of the ethanol flows in the 2.00 to 4.00 g h−1 range on the production rate and the quality of graphene has been thoroughly assessed, through a deep characterization of the synthetized material by various techniques. The graphene production rate steadily increased for ethanol flows increasing from 2.00 to 3.40 g h−1, presenting a maximum rate of 1.45 and 1.55 mg min−1 for 2.90 and 3.40 g h−1, respectively. Higher ethanol flows lead to a decrease in the production rate, favouring the formation of other carbon-based by-products such as methane and ethylene. High-quality graphene is formed in all plasma conditions, with the lowest number of defects being obtained for an ethanol flow of 2.90 g h−1 together with hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main gaseous by-products.

中文翻译：

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通过有机（生物）前体等离子体分解优化高质量石墨烯纳米薄片的生产

摘要 基于大气压等离子体的生物燃料分解技术可以一步获得高质量的石墨烯粉末，既不使用金属催化剂，也不使用特定的底物。尽管与其他技术相比，该技术具有众多优势，但仍有必要优化工艺以在工业规模上生产高质量的石墨烯。在这项研究中，通过各种技术对合成材料的深入表征，已经彻底评估了 2.00 至 4.00 g h-1 范围内的乙醇流量对石墨烯生产率和质量的影响。当乙醇流量从 2.00 增加到 3.40 g h-1 时，石墨烯生产速率稳步增加，2.90 和 3.40 g h-1 的最大速率分别为 1.45 和 1.55 mg min-1。更高的乙醇流量导致生产率下降，有利于形成其他碳基副产品，如甲烷和乙烯。高质量的石墨烯在所有等离子体条件下形成，2.90 g h-1 的乙醇流以及氢气和一氧化碳作为主要气态副产物获得的缺陷数量最少。