Biotechnological application of microalgae cultures at large scale has significant potential in the various fields of biofuels, food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, environmental remediation and water treatment. Despite this great potential application, industrialisation of microalgae culture and valorisation is still faced with serious remaining challenges in culture scale-up, harvesting and extraction of target molecules. This review presents a general summary of current techniques for harvesting and extraction of biomolecules from microalgae, their relative merits and potential for industrial application. The cell wall composition and its impact on microalgae cell disruption is discussed. Additionally, more recent progress and promising experimental methods and studies are summarised that would allow the reader to further investigate the state of the art. A final survey of energetic assessments of the different techniques is also made. Bead milling and high-pressure homogenisation seem to give clear advantages in terms of target high value compounds extraction from microalgae, with enzyme hydrolysis as a promising emerging technique. Future industrialisation of microalgae for high scale biotechnological processing will require the establishment of universal comparison-standards that would enable easy assessment of one technique against another.

微藻培养物的大规模生物技术应用在生物燃料，食品和饲料，化妆品，药​​物，环境修复和水处理的各个领域具有巨大潜力。尽管有巨大的潜在应用，但微藻培养物的工业化和增值仍然在培养规模，收获和提取目标分子方面面临严峻的挑战。这篇综述介绍了从微藻中收获和提取生物分子的当前技术的一般概述，它们的相对优点和工业应用潜力。讨论了细胞壁组成及其对微藻细胞破坏的影响。另外，总结了较新的进展和有希望的实验方法和研究，这些内容将使读者能够进一步研究最新技术。还对不同技术的能量评估进行了最终调查。从微藻中提取目标高价值化合物方面，珠磨和高压均质化似乎具有明显的优势，而酶水解是一种有前途的新兴技术。未来用于大规模生物技术加工的微藻类产业化将需要建立通用的比较标准，以使一种技术相对于另一种技术易于评估。从微藻中提取目标高价值化合物方面，珠磨和高压均质化似乎具有明显的优势，而酶水解是一种有前途的新兴技术。未来用于大规模生物技术加工的微藻类产业化将需要建立通用的比较标准，以使一种技术相对于另一种技术易于评估。从微藻中提取目标高价值化合物方面，珠磨和高压均质化似乎具有明显的优势，而酶水解是一种有前途的新兴技术。未来用于大规模生物技术加工的微藻类产业化将需要建立通用的比较标准，以使一种技术相对于另一种技术易于评估。