Abstract Soil salinization is becoming increasingly serious, threatening the development of ecological agriculture that aims at high yield, high efficiency and closed-loop cycles. In this study, residues of Jerusalem artichoke were incorporated in three soils differing in salinity, and the physical and chemical properties of soil and soil microbial community were characterized over time. After residue incorporation, the soil pH fluctuated between 6.8 and 8, trending toward neutrality; the soil salinity decreased significantly. The total nitrogen content increased significantly, whereas the soil organic matter content increased initially and then decreased. Soil microbiome abundance and diversity increased, with a significant increase in the population of moderate halophiles and cellulose-decomposing bacteria in soil. Compared with the genera adapted to medium-to-high salt concentration, the abundance and diversity of the low-salt genera were higher. The degradation rate of residues increased with time, with cellulose degradation being strongest, followed by hemicellulose, and finally lignin. In summary, incorporation of Jerusalem artichoke residues can improve soil physical and chemical properties and the microbial community structure, which provides a theoretical basis for improving saline-alkali soils, rational utilization of crop residues and promoting sustainable development of modern agriculture.

中文翻译：

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通过加入菊芋残留物改善不同盐度土壤的理化性质和微生物组

摘要 土壤盐渍化日益严重，威胁着以高产、高效、闭环循环为目标的生态农业的发展。在这项研究中，菊芋的残留物被纳入三种不同盐度的土壤中，并随着时间的推移表征了土壤和土壤微生物群落的物理和化学特性。残渣掺入后，土壤pH值在6.8-8之间波动，趋于中性；土壤盐分明显下降。全氮含量显着增加，而土壤有机质含量先增加后减少。土壤微生物组的丰度和多样性增加，土壤中中度嗜盐菌和纤维素分解细菌的数量显着增加。与适应中高盐浓度的属相比，低盐属的丰度和多样性更高。残留物的降解率随时间增加，纤维素降解最强，其次是半纤维素，最后是木质素。综上所述，菊芋残留物的掺入可以改善土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构，为改良盐碱地、合理利用作物残留物、促进现代农业可持续发展提供理论依据。